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Salmonella

  • Open Access
    <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Salmonella enterica</span> Serovar Typhimurium Exploits Cycling through Epithelial Cells To Colonize Human and Murine Enteroids
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Exploits Cycling through Epithelial Cells To Colonize Human and Murine Enteroids

    Pathogenic gut bacteria are common causes of intestinal disease. Enteroids—cultured three-dimensional replicas of the mammalian gut—offer an emerging model system to study disease mechanisms under conditions that recapitulate key features of the intestinal tract.

    Petra Geiser, Maria Letizia Di Martino, Pilar Samperio Ventayol, Jens Eriksson, Eduardo Sima, Anas Kh. Al-Saffar, David Ahl, Mia Phillipson, Dominic-Luc Webb, Magnus Sundbom, Per M. Hellström, Mikael E. Sellin
  • Open Access
    Maintenance of Type IV Secretion Function During <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Helicobacter pylori</span> Infection in Mice
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Maintenance of Type IV Secretion Function During Helicobacter pylori Infection in Mice

    The type IV secretion system (T4SS) is the major Helicobacter pylori virulence factor, though its function is lost during murine infection. Loss of function also occurs in gerbils and in humans, suggesting that it is biologically relevant, but the conditions under which T4SS regulation occurs are unknown.

    Emma C. Skoog, Miriam E. Martin, Roberto M. Barrozo, Lori M. Hansen, Lucy P. Cai, Seung-Joo Lee, Joseph M. Benoun, Stephen J. McSorley, Jay V. Solnick
  • Open Access
    Direct and Indirect Inhibition of <em>Salmonella</em> Peptide Deformylase by Nitric Oxide
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Direct and Indirect Inhibition of Salmonella Peptide Deformylase by Nitric Oxide

    We have previously shown that the host-derived antimicrobial mediator nitric oxide (NO·) mobilizes zinc from bacterial metalloproteins. The present study demonstrates that NO· inactivates the essential iron-containing enzyme peptide deformylase, both by promoting its mismetallation by zinc and by directly modifying its metal-binding site. We explain how free intracellular zinc is detrimental for cells and reveal a new mechanism of NO·-...

    Anshika Singhal, Ferric C. Fang
  • Open Access
    RIPK3-Dependent Recruitment of Low-Inflammatory Myeloid Cells Does Not Protect from Systemic <em>Salmonella</em> Infection
    Observation | Host-Microbe Biology
    RIPK3-Dependent Recruitment of Low-Inflammatory Myeloid Cells Does Not Protect from Systemic Salmonella Infection

    Macrophages employ multiple strategies to limit pathogen infection. For example, macrophages may undergo regulated cell death, including RIPK3-dependent necroptosis, as a means of combatting intracellular bacterial pathogens. However, bacteria have evolved mechanisms to evade or exploit immune responses. Salmonella is an intracellular pathogen that avoids and manipulates immune detection within macrophages. We examined the...

    John Satkovich, Christopher J. Anderson, Christopher B. Medina, Matteo Ottolini, John R. Lukens, Melissa M. Kendall
  • Open Access
    Genotoxic Effect of <em>Salmonella</em> Paratyphi A Infection on Human Primary Gallbladder Cells
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Genotoxic Effect of Salmonella Paratyphi A Infection on Human Primary Gallbladder Cells

    Bacterial infections are increasingly being recognized as risk factors for the development of adenocarcinomas. The strong epidemiological evidence linking Helicobacter pylori infection to stomach cancer has paved the way to the demonstration that bacterial infections cause DNA damage in the host cells, initiating transformation. In this regard, the role of bacterial...

    Ludovico P. Sepe, Kimberly Hartl, Amina Iftekhar, Hilmar Berger, Naveen Kumar, Christian Goosmann, Sascha Chopra, Sven Christian Schmidt, Rajendra Kumar Gurumurthy, Thomas F. Meyer, Francesco Boccellato
  • Open Access
    Acetylation of Surface Carbohydrates in Bacterial Pathogens Requires Coordinated Action of a Two-Domain Membrane-Bound Acyltransferase
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Acetylation of Surface Carbohydrates in Bacterial Pathogens Requires Coordinated Action of a Two-Domain Membrane-Bound Acyltransferase

    Acyltransferase-3 (AT3) domain-containing membrane proteins are involved in O-acetylation of a diverse range of carbohydrates across all domains of life. In bacteria they are essential in processes including symbiosis, resistance to antimicrobials, and biosynthesis of antibiotics. Their mechanism of action, however, is poorly characterized. We analyzed two acetyltransferases as models for this important family of membrane...

    Caroline R. Pearson, Sarah N. Tindall, Reyme Herman, Huw T. Jenkins, Alex Bateman, Gavin H. Thomas, Jennifer R. Potts, Marjan W. Van der Woude
  • Open Access
    Tumble Suppression Is a Conserved Feature of Swarming Motility
    Observation | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Tumble Suppression Is a Conserved Feature of Swarming Motility

    Bacteria within a swarm move characteristically in packs, displaying an intricate swirling motion in which hundreds of dynamic rafts continuously form and dissociate as the swarm colonizes an increasing expanse of territory. The demonstrated property of E. coli to reduce its tumble bias and hence increase its run duration during swarming is expected to maintain and...

    Jonathan D. Partridge, Nguyen T. Q. Nhu, Yann S. Dufour, Rasika M. Harshey
  • Open Access
    Linearized Siderophore Products Secreted via MacAB Efflux Pump Protect <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Salmonella enterica</span> Serovar Typhimurium from Oxidative Stress
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Linearized Siderophore Products Secreted via MacAB Efflux Pump Protect Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium from Oxidative Stress

    Nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteria induce a classic inflammatory diarrhea by eliciting a large influx of neutrophils, producing a robust oxidative burst. Despite substantial progress understanding the benefits to the host of the inflammatory response to Salmonella, little is known regarding how Salmonella can simultaneously resist the damaging effects of the oxidative burst. The multidrug efflux pump MacAB...

    L. M. Bogomolnaya, R. Tilvawala, J. R. Elfenbein, J. D. Cirillo, H. L. Andrews-Polymenis
  • Open Access
    SpoT Induces Intracellular <em>Salmonella</em> Virulence Programs in the Phagosome
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    SpoT Induces Intracellular Salmonella Virulence Programs in the Phagosome

    Pathogenic bacteria experience nutritional challenges during colonization and infection of mammalian hosts. Binding of the alarmone nucleotide guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) to RNA polymerase coordinates metabolic adaptations and virulence gene transcription, increasing the fitness of diverse Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as that of actinomycetes. Gammaproteobacteria such as Salmonella synthesize ppGpp by...

    Liam F. Fitzsimmons, Lin Liu, Sashi Kant, Ju-Sim Kim, James K. Till, Jessica Jones-Carson, Steffen Porwollik, Michael McClelland, Andres Vazquez-Torres
  • Open Access
    An Advanced Human Intestinal Coculture Model Reveals Compartmentalized Host and Pathogen Strategies during <em>Salmonella</em> Infection
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    An Advanced Human Intestinal Coculture Model Reveals Compartmentalized Host and Pathogen Strategies during Salmonella Infection

    Infection research routinely employs in vitro cell cultures or in vivo mouse models as surrogates of human hosts. Differences between murine and human immunity and the low level of complexity of traditional cell cultures, however, highlight the demand for alternative models that combine the in vivo-like properties of the human system with straightforward experimental perturbation. Here, we introduce a 3D...

    Leon N. Schulte, Matthias Schweinlin, Alexander J. Westermann, Harshavardhan Janga, Sara C. Santos, Silke Appenzeller, Heike Walles, Jörg Vogel, Marco Metzger

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