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physiology

  • Open Access
    The TK0271 Protein Activates Transcription of Aromatic Amino Acid Biosynthesis Genes in the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Thermococcus kodakarensis</span>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    The TK0271 Protein Activates Transcription of Aromatic Amino Acid Biosynthesis Genes in the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis

    The mechanisms of transcriptional regulation in archaea are still poorly understood. In this study, we identified a transcriptional regulator in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis that activates the transcription of three operons involved in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. The study represents one of only a few that identifies a...

    Yasuyuki Yamamoto, Tamotsu Kanai, Tsuyoshi Kaneseki, Haruyuki Atomi
  • Open Access
    Aggregation of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Is Regulated by Carbon-Nitrogen Balance
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Aggregation of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Is Regulated by Carbon-Nitrogen Balance

    Free-living bacteria can assemble into multicellular structures called biofilms. Biofilms help bacteria tolerate multiple stresses, including antibiotics and the host immune system. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are a group of emerging opportunistic pathogens that utilize biofilms to adhere to household plumbing and showerheads and to avoid phagocytosis by host immune cells. Typically, bacteria regulate biofilm formation by controlling...

    William H. DePas, Megan Bergkessel, Dianne K. Newman
  • Open Access
    A Tale of Three Species: Adaptation of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Sodalis glossinidius</span> to Tsetse Biology, <em>Wigglesworthia</em> Metabolism, and Host Diet
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    A Tale of Three Species: Adaptation of Sodalis glossinidius to Tsetse Biology, Wigglesworthia Metabolism, and Host Diet

    Human African trypanosomiasis is caused by the Trypanosoma brucei parasite. The tsetse fly vector is of interest for its potential to prevent disease spread, as it is essential for T. brucei life cycle progression and transmission. The tsetse’s mutualistic endosymbiont...

    Rebecca J. Hall, Lindsey A. Flanagan, Michael J. Bottery, Vicki Springthorpe, Stephen Thorpe, Alistair C. Darby, A. Jamie Wood, Gavin H. Thomas
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Long-Term In Vitro Culture of the Syphilis Spirochete Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum

    Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease with a global distribution, is caused by a spiral-shaped bacterium called Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. Previously, T. pallidum was one of the few major bacterial pathogens...

    Diane G. Edmondson, Bo Hu, Steven J. Norris
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Control of gdhR Expression in Neisseria gonorrhoeae via Autoregulation and a Master Repressor (MtrR) of a Drug Efflux Pump Operon

    The pathogenic Neisseria species are strict human pathogens that can cause a sexually transmitted infection (N. gonorrhoeae) or meningitis or fulminant septicemia (N. meningitidis). Although they share considerable genetic information, little attention has been directed to comparing transcriptional regulatory systems that modulate expression of their conserved genes. We hypothesized that transcriptional...

    Corinne E. Rouquette-Loughlin, Yaramah M. Zalucki, Vijaya L. Dhulipala, Jacqueline T. Balthazar, Raúl G. Doyle, Robert A. Nicholas, Afrin A. Begum, Erica L. Raterman, Ann E. Jerse, William M. Shafer
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