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neutrophils

  • Open Access
    Hyaluronidase Impairs Neutrophil Function and Promotes Group B <em>Streptococcus</em> Invasion and Preterm Labor in Nonhuman Primates
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Hyaluronidase Impairs Neutrophil Function and Promotes Group B Streptococcus Invasion and Preterm Labor in Nonhuman Primates

    Group B streptococci (GBS) are bacteria that commonly reside in the female lower genital tract as asymptomatic members of the microbiota. However, during pregnancy, GBS can infect tissues at the maternal-fetal interface, leading to preterm birth, stillbirth, or fetal injury.

    Michelle Coleman, Blair Armistead, Austyn Orvis, Phoenicia Quach, Alyssa Brokaw, Claire Gendrin, Kavita Sharma, Jason Ogle, Sean Merillat, Matthew Dacanay, Tsung-Yen Wu, Jeff Munson, Audrey Baldessari, Jay Vornhagen, Anna Furuta, Shayla Nguyen, Kristina M. Adams Waldorf, Lakshmi Rajagopal
  • Open Access
    Staphylococcal DNA Repair Is Required for Infection
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Staphylococcal DNA Repair Is Required for Infection

    To cause infection, bacteria must survive attack by the host immune system. For many bacteria, including the major human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, the greatest threat is posed by neutrophils. These immune cells ingest the invading organisms and try to kill them with a cocktail of chemicals that includes reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ability of...

    Kam Pou Ha, Rebecca S. Clarke, Gyu-Lee Kim, Jane L. Brittan, Jessica E. Rowley, Despoina A. I. Mavridou, Dane Parker, Thomas B. Clarke, Angela H. Nobbs, Andrew M. Edwards
  • Open Access
    Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Is a Critical Regulator of Neutrophil Responses to <em>Candida</em> Species
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Is a Critical Regulator of Neutrophil Responses to Candida Species

    Neutrophils are recognized to represent significant immune cell mediators for the clearance and elimination of the human-pathogenic fungal pathogen Candida. The sensing of fungi by innate cells is performed, in part, through lectin receptor recognition of cell wall components and downstream cellular activation by signaling components, including spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). While the essential role of Syk in macrophages and...

    Paige E. Negoro, Shuying Xu, Zeina Dagher, Alex Hopke, Jennifer L. Reedy, Michael B. Feldman, Nida S. Khan, Adam L. Viens, Natalie J. Alexander, Natalie J. Atallah, Allison K. Scherer, Richard A. Dutko, Jane Jeffery, John F. Kernien, J. Scott Fites, Jeniel E. Nett, Bruce S. Klein, Jatin M. Vyas, Daniel Irimia, David B. Sykes, Michael K. Mansour
  • Open Access
    Human Neutrophils Produce Antifungal Extracellular Vesicles against <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Aspergillus fumigatus</span>
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Human Neutrophils Produce Antifungal Extracellular Vesicles against Aspergillus fumigatus

    Invasive fungal infections caused by the mold Aspergillus fumigatus are a growing concern in the clinic due to the increasing use of immunosuppressive therapies and increasing antifungal drug resistance. These infections result in high rates of mortality, as treatment and diagnostic options remain limited. In healthy individuals, neutrophilic granulocytes are critical...

    Iordana A. Shopova, Ivan Belyaev, Prasad Dasari, Susanne Jahreis, Maria C. Stroe, Zoltán Cseresnyés, Ann-Kathrin Zimmermann, Anna Medyukhina, Carl-Magnus Svensson, Thomas Krüger, Viktòria Szeifert, Sandor Nietzsche, Theresia Conrad, Matthew G. Blango, Olaf Kniemeyer, Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal, Peter F. Zipfel, Erzsébet Ligeti, Marc Thilo Figge, Axel A. Brakhage
  • Open Access
    Nucleic Acid-Sensing Toll-Like Receptors Play a Dominant Role in Innate Immune Recognition of Pneumococci
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Nucleic Acid-Sensing Toll-Like Receptors Play a Dominant Role in Innate Immune Recognition of Pneumococci

    The pneumococcus is a bacterium that frequently causes infections in the lungs, ears, sinus cavities, and meninges. During these infections, body defenses are triggered by tissue-resident cells that use specialized receptors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), to sense the presence of bacteria. We show here that pneumococci are predominantly detected by TLRs that are located inside intracellular vacuoles, including endosomes, where...

    Agata Famà, Angelina Midiri, Giuseppe Mancuso, Carmelo Biondo, Germana Lentini, Roberta Galbo, Maria Miriam Giardina, Giuseppe Valerio De Gaetano, Letizia Romeo, Giuseppe Teti, Concetta Beninati
  • Open Access
    <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Cryptococcus neoformans</span> Chitin Synthase 3 Plays a Critical Role in Dampening Host Inflammatory Responses
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Cryptococcus neoformans Chitin Synthase 3 Plays a Critical Role in Dampening Host Inflammatory Responses

    Cryptococcus neoformans is the most common disseminated fungal pathogen in AIDS patients, resulting in ∼200,000 deaths each year. There is a pressing need for new treatments for this infection, as current antifungal therapy is hampered by toxicity and/or the inability of the host’s immune system to aid in resolution of the disease. An ideal target for new therapies is...

    Camaron R. Hole, Woei C. Lam, Rajendra Upadhya, Jennifer K. Lodge
  • Open Access
    The HopQ-CEACAM Interaction Controls CagA Translocation, Phosphorylation, and Phagocytosis of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> in Neutrophils
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    The HopQ-CEACAM Interaction Controls CagA Translocation, Phosphorylation, and Phagocytosis of Helicobacter pylori in Neutrophils

    Helicobacter pylori is highly adapted to humans and evades host immunity to allow its lifelong colonization. However, the H. pylori mouse model is artificial for H. pylori, and few adapted strains allow gastric colonization. Here...

    Ina-Kristin Behrens, Benjamin Busch, Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold, Pia Palamides, John E. Shively, Cliff Stanners, Carlos Chan, Nelly Leung, Scott Gray-Owen, Rainer Haas
  • Open Access
    The Human Cytomegalovirus Chemokine vCXCL-1 Modulates Normal Dissemination Kinetics of Murine Cytomegalovirus <em>In Vivo</em>
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    The Human Cytomegalovirus Chemokine vCXCL-1 Modulates Normal Dissemination Kinetics of Murine Cytomegalovirus In Vivo

    An adequate in vivo analysis of HCMV’s viral chemokine vCXCL-1 has been lacking. Here we generate recombinant MCMVs expressing vCXCL-1 to study vCXCL-1 function in vivo using MCMV as a surrogate. We demonstrate that vCXCL-1 increases MCMV dissemination kinetics for both primary and secondary dissemination. Additionally, we provide evidence, that the murine neutrophil is largely a bystander in the mouse’s response to...

    Joseph W. Jackson, Trevor J. Hancock, Ellen LaPrade, Pranay Dogra, Eric R. Gann, Thomas J. Masi, Ravichandran Panchanathan, William E. Miller, Steven W. Wilhelm, Tim E. Sparer
  • Open Access
    <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Kingella kingae</span> Surface Polysaccharides Promote Resistance to Neutrophil Phagocytosis and Killing
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Kingella kingae Surface Polysaccharides Promote Resistance to Neutrophil Phagocytosis and Killing

    Kingella kingae is a Gram-negative commensal in the oropharynx and represents a leading cause of joint and bone infections in young children. The mechanisms by which K. kingae evades host innate immunity during pathogenesis of disease remain poorly understood. In this study, we established that the...

    Vanessa L. Muñoz, Eric A. Porsch, Joseph W. St. Geme
  • Open Access
    A Secreted Bacterial Peptidylarginine Deiminase Can Neutralize Human Innate Immune Defenses
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    A Secreted Bacterial Peptidylarginine Deiminase Can Neutralize Human Innate Immune Defenses

    Bacterial pathogens do not only succeed in breaking the barriers that protect humans from infection, but they also manage to evade insults from the human immune system. The importance of the present study resides in the fact that protein citrullination is shown to represent a new bacterial mechanism for immune evasion. In particular, the oral pathogen P. gingivalis...

    Tim Stobernack, Marines du Teil Espina, Lianne M. Mulder, Laura M. Palma Medina, Dillon R. Piebenga, Giorgio Gabarrini, Xin Zhao, Koen M. J. Janssen, Jarnick Hulzebos, Elisabeth Brouwer, Thomas Sura, Dörte Becher, Arie Jan van Winkelhoff, Friedrich Götz, Andreas Otto, Johanna Westra, Jan Maarten van Dijl

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