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mitochondria

  • Open Access
    Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier Subunits Are Essential for Pyruvate-Driven Respiration, Infectivity, and Intracellular Replication of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Trypanosoma cruzi</span>
    Research Article
    Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier Subunits Are Essential for Pyruvate-Driven Respiration, Infectivity, and Intracellular Replication of Trypanosoma cruzi

    Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease. Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, and its transport into the mitochondrion is mediated by the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) subunits.

    Raquel S. Negreiros, Noelia Lander, Miguel A. Chiurillo, Anibal E. Vercesi, Roberto Docampo
  • Open Access
    Regulation of the Mitochondrion-Fatty Acid Axis for the Metabolic Reprogramming of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Chlamydia trachomatis</span> during Treatment with β-Lactam Antimicrobials
    Research Article
    Regulation of the Mitochondrion-Fatty Acid Axis for the Metabolic Reprogramming of Chlamydia trachomatis during Treatment with β-Lactam Antimicrobials

    The mitochondrion generates most of the ATP in eukaryotic cells, and its activity is used for controlling the intracellular growth of Chlamydia trachomatis. Furthermore, mitochondrial activity is tightly connected to host fatty acid synthesis that is indispensable for chlamydial membrane biogenesis.

    Kensuke Shima, Inga Kaufhold, Thomas Eder, Nadja Käding, Nis Schmidt, Iretiolu M. Ogunsulire, René Deenen, Karl Köhrer, Dirk Friedrich, Sophie E. Isay, Florian Grebien, Matthias Klinger, Barbara C. Richer, Ulrich L. Günther, George S. Deepe, Thomas Rattei, Jan Rupp
  • Open Access
    Loss of the Conserved Alveolate Kinase MAPK2 Decouples <em>Toxoplasma</em> Cell Growth from Cell Division
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Loss of the Conserved Alveolate Kinase MAPK2 Decouples Toxoplasma Cell Growth from Cell Division

    Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous intracellular protozoan parasite that can cause severe and fatal disease in immunocompromised patients and the developing fetus. Rapid parasite replication is critical for establishing a productive infection. Here, we demonstrate that a Toxoplasma protein kinase called MAPK2 is conserved throughout the Alveolata and essential...

    Xiaoyu Hu, William J. O’Shaughnessy, Tsebaot G. Beraki, Michael L. Reese
  • Open Access
    Mitochondrial Targeting of the Enteropathogenic <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Map Triggers Calcium Mobilization, ADAM10-MAP Kinase Signaling, and Host Cell Apoptosis
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Mitochondrial Targeting of the Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Map Triggers Calcium Mobilization, ADAM10-MAP Kinase Signaling, and Host Cell Apoptosis

    Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) is an important human diarrhea-causing bacterium. The pathogenic effects of EPEC largely depend upon its ability to inject a series of proteins, termed effectors, into the host cells. One such effector is the mitochondrion-associated protein (Map). Map has been shown to induce actin-rich projections (i.e., filopodia) on the infected...

    Rachana Pattani Ramachandran, Chaya Spiegel, Yael Keren, Tsafi Danieli, Naomi Melamed-Book, Ritesh Ranjan Pal, Efrat Zlotkin-Rivkin, Ilan Rosenshine, Benjamin Aroeti
  • Open Access
    A Cytoplasmic Heme Sensor Illuminates the Impacts of Mitochondrial and Vacuolar Functions and Oxidative Stress on Heme-Iron Homeostasis in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Cryptococcus neoformans</span>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    A Cytoplasmic Heme Sensor Illuminates the Impacts of Mitochondrial and Vacuolar Functions and Oxidative Stress on Heme-Iron Homeostasis in Cryptococcus neoformans

    Invasive fungal diseases are increasing in frequency, and new drug targets and antifungal drugs are needed to bolster therapy. The mechanisms by which pathogens obtain critical nutrients such as iron from heme during host colonization represent a promising target for therapy. In this study, we employed a fluorescent heme sensor to investigate heme homeostasis in Cryptococcus...

    Gaurav Bairwa, Eddy Sánchez-León, Eunsoo Do, Won Hee Jung, James W. Kronstad
  • Open Access
    <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Aspergillus fumigatus</span> Transcription Factors Involved in the Caspofungin Paradoxical Effect
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Aspergillus fumigatus Transcription Factors Involved in the Caspofungin Paradoxical Effect

    Aspergillus fumigatus, one of the most important human-pathogenic fungal species, is able to cause aspergillosis, a heterogeneous group of diseases that presents a wide range of clinical manifestations. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is the most serious pathology in terms of patient outcome and treatment, with a high mortality rate ranging from 50% to 95% primarily...

    Clara Valero, Ana Cristina Colabardini, Jéssica Chiaratto, Lakhansing Pardeshi, Patrícia Alves de Castro, Jaire Alves Ferreira Filho, Lilian Pereira Silva, Marina Campos Rocha, Iran Malavazi, Jonas Henrique Costa, Taícia Fill, Mário Henrique Barros, Sarah Sze Wah Wong, Vishukumar Aimanianda, Koon Ho Wong, Gustavo H. Goldman
  • Open Access
    Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence
    Observation | Ecological and Evolutionary Science
    Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence

    The early eukaryotic evolution was deeply influenced by the acquisition of two endosymbiotic organelles - the mitochondrion and the chloroplast. Here we discuss the possibly important role of reactive oxygen species in these processes.

    Dave Speijer, Michael Hammond, Julius Lukeš
  • Open Access
    TREM-1 Protects HIV-1-Infected Macrophages from Apoptosis through Maintenance of Mitochondrial Function
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    TREM-1 Protects HIV-1-Infected Macrophages from Apoptosis through Maintenance of Mitochondrial Function

    The major challenge to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment is the development of strategies that lead to viral eradication. A roadblock to accomplishing this goal is the lack of an approach that would safely eliminate HIV from all resting/latent reservoirs, including macrophages. Macrophages are a key part of the innate immune system and are responsible for recognizing invading microbes and sending appropriate signals to other...

    Grant R. Campbell, Rachel K. To, Stephen A. Spector
  • Open Access
    New Mitochondrial Targets in Fungal Pathogens
    Commentary | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    New Mitochondrial Targets in Fungal Pathogens

    In eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are responsible for the synthesis of ATP using power generated by the electron transport chain (ETC). While much of what is known about mitochondria has been gained from a study of a small number of model species, including the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the general mechanisms of mitochondrial respiration have been recognized as...

    Daniel Murante, Deborah A. Hogan
  • Open Access
    Microsporidia Interact with Host Cell Mitochondria via Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels Using Sporoplasm Surface Protein 1
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Microsporidia Interact with Host Cell Mitochondria via Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels Using Sporoplasm Surface Protein 1

    Microsporidia are important opportunistic human pathogens in immune-suppressed individuals, such as those with HIV/AIDS and recipients of organ transplants. The sporoplasm is critical for establishing microsporidian infection. Despite the biological importance of this structure for transmission, there is limited information about its structure and composition that could be targeted for therapeutic intervention. Here, we identified a...

    Bing Han, Yanfen Ma, Vincent Tu, Tadakimi Tomita, Joshua Mayoral, Tere Williams, Aline Horta, Huan Huang, Louis M. Weiss

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