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macrophages

  • Open Access
    RIPK3-Dependent Recruitment of Low-Inflammatory Myeloid Cells Does Not Protect from Systemic <em>Salmonella</em> Infection
    Observation | Host-Microbe Biology
    RIPK3-Dependent Recruitment of Low-Inflammatory Myeloid Cells Does Not Protect from Systemic Salmonella Infection

    Macrophages employ multiple strategies to limit pathogen infection. For example, macrophages may undergo regulated cell death, including RIPK3-dependent necroptosis, as a means of combatting intracellular bacterial pathogens. However, bacteria have evolved mechanisms to evade or exploit immune responses. Salmonella is an intracellular pathogen that avoids and manipulates immune detection within macrophages. We examined the...

    John Satkovich, Christopher J. Anderson, Christopher B. Medina, Matteo Ottolini, John R. Lukens, Melissa M. Kendall
  • Open Access
    <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span> ATP Synthase Promotes Biofilm Persistence by Influencing Innate Immunity
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Staphylococcus aureus ATP Synthase Promotes Biofilm Persistence by Influencing Innate Immunity

    Medical device-associated biofilm infections are a therapeutic challenge based on their antibiotic tolerance and ability to evade immune-mediated clearance. The virulence determinants responsible for bacterial biofilm to induce a maladaptive immune response remain largely unknown. This study identified a critical role for S. aureus ATP synthase in influencing the host...

    Megan E. Bosch, Blake P. Bertrand, Cortney E. Heim, Abdulelah A. Alqarzaee, Sujata S. Chaudhari, Amy L. Aldrich, Paul D. Fey, Vinai C. Thomas, Tammy Kielian
  • Open Access
    Laccase Affects the Rate of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Cryptococcus neoformans</span> Nonlytic Exocytosis from Macrophages
    Observation | Host-Microbe Biology
    Laccase Affects the Rate of Cryptococcus neoformans Nonlytic Exocytosis from Macrophages

    Cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast that causes severe disease, primarily in immunosuppressed people. It has many attributes that allow it to survive and cause disease, such as a polysaccharide capsule and the dark pigment melanin produced by the laccase enzyme. Upon infection, the yeast is ingested by cells called macrophages, whose function is to kill them. Instead,...

    Stefânia de Oliveira Frazão, Herdson Renney de Sousa, Lenise Gonçalves da Silva, Jéssica dos Santos Folha, Kaio César de Melo Gorgonha, Getúlio Pereira de Oliveira, Maria Sueli Soares Felipe, Ildinete Silva-Pereira, Arturo Casadevall, André Moraes Nicola, Patrícia Albuquerque
  • Open Access
    Three Related Enzymes in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Candida albicans</span> Achieve Arginine- and Agmatine-Dependent Metabolism That Is Essential for Growth and Fungal Virulence
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Three Related Enzymes in Candida albicans Achieve Arginine- and Agmatine-Dependent Metabolism That Is Essential for Growth and Fungal Virulence

    We show that the C. albicans ureohydrolases arginase (Car1), agmatinase (Agt1), and guanidinobutyrase (Gbu1) can orchestrate an arginase-independent route for polyamine production and that this is important for C. albicans growth and survival in microenvironments of the mammalian host.

    ...
    Katja Schaefer, Jeanette Wagener, Ryan M. Ames, Stella Christou, Donna M. MacCallum, Steven Bates, Neil A. R. Gow
  • Open Access
    Inhibition of Fatty Acid Oxidation Promotes Macrophage Control of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span>
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Inhibition of Fatty Acid Oxidation Promotes Macrophage Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

    Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the leading infectious disease killer worldwide. We discovered that intracellular Mtb fails to grow in macrophages in which fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is blocked. Macrophages treated with FAO inhibitors rapidly generate a burst of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species, which promotes NADPH oxidase recruitment and autophagy...

    Pallavi Chandra, Li He, Matthew Zimmerman, Guozhe Yang, Stefan Köster, Mireille Ouimet, Han Wang, Kathyrn J. Moore, Véronique Dartois, Joel D. Schilling, Jennifer A. Philips
  • Open Access
    Dectin-1 Stimulation of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Occurs <em>In Vivo</em> and Promotes Differentiation Toward Trained Macrophages via an Indirect Cell-Autonomous Mechanism
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Dectin-1 Stimulation of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Occurs In Vivo and Promotes Differentiation Toward Trained Macrophages via an Indirect Cell-Autonomous Mechanism

    Invasive candidiasis is an increasingly frequent cause of serious and often fatal infections. Understanding host defense is essential to design novel therapeutic strategies to boost immune protection against Candida albicans. In this article, we delve into two new concepts that have arisen over the last years: (i) the delivery of myelopoiesis-inducing signals by...

    Cristina Bono, Alba Martínez, Javier Megías, Daniel Gozalbo, Alberto Yáñez, M. Luisa Gil
  • Open Access
    <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Ehrlichia chaffeensis</span> Uses an Invasin To Suppress Reactive Oxygen Species Generation by Macrophages via CD147-Dependent Inhibition of Vav1 To Block Rac1 Activation
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Ehrlichia chaffeensis Uses an Invasin To Suppress Reactive Oxygen Species Generation by Macrophages via CD147-Dependent Inhibition of Vav1 To Block Rac1 Activation

    Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligatory intracellular bacterium with the capability of causing an emerging infectious disease called human monocytic ehrlichiosis. E. chaffeensis preferentially infects monocytes and macrophages, professional phagocytes, equipped with an arsenal of antimicrobial mechanisms, including rapid reactive oxygen species (ROS)...

    Omid Teymournejad, Yasuko Rikihisa
  • Open Access
    Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Memory CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells Infiltrate to the Site of Infected Macrophages in the Neuroparenchyma of a Chronic Macaque Model of Neurological Complications of AIDS
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Memory CD4+ T Cells Infiltrate to the Site of Infected Macrophages in the Neuroparenchyma of a Chronic Macaque Model of Neurological Complications of AIDS

    While the use of combination antiretroviral therapy effectively suppresses systemic viral replication in the body, neurocognitive disorders as a result of HIV infection of the central nervous system (CNS) remain a clinical problem. Therefore, the use of nonhuman primate models is necessary to study mechanisms of neuropathogenesis. The neurotropic, molecular clone SIVsm804E-CL757 (CL757) results in neuroAIDS in 50% of infected rhesus...

    Cheri A. Lee, Erin Beasley, Karthikeyan Sundar, Margery Smelkinson, Carol Vinton, Claire Deleage, Kenta Matsuda, Fan Wu, Jake D. Estes, Bernard A. P. Lafont, Jason M. Brenchley, Vanessa M. Hirsch
  • Open Access
    Metabolism of Gluconeogenic Substrates by an Intracellular Fungal Pathogen Circumvents Nutritional Limitations within Macrophages
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Metabolism of Gluconeogenic Substrates by an Intracellular Fungal Pathogen Circumvents Nutritional Limitations within Macrophages

    Histoplasma is a primary human fungal pathogen that survives and proliferates within host immune cells, particularly within the macrophage phagosome compartment. The phagosome compartment is a nutrient-limited environment, requiring Histoplasma yeasts to be able to assimilate available carbon sources within the phagosome to meet their nutritional needs. In this study, we showed that Histoplasma yeasts do not...

    Qian Shen, Stephanie C. Ray, Heather M. Evans, George S. Deepe, Chad A. Rappleye
  • Open Access
    A MicroRNA Network Controls <em>Legionella pneumophila</em> Replication in Human Macrophages via LGALS8 and MX1
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    A MicroRNA Network Controls Legionella pneumophila Replication in Human Macrophages via LGALS8 and MX1

    Cases of Legionella pneumophila pneumonia occur worldwide, with potentially fatal outcome. When causing human disease, Legionella injects a plethora of virulence factors to reprogram macrophages to circumvent immune defense and create a replication niche. By analyzing Legionella-induced changes in miRNA expression and genomewide chromatin...

    Christina E. Herkt, Brian E. Caffrey, Kristin Surmann, Sascha Blankenburg, Manuela Gesell Salazar, Anna L. Jung, Stefanie M. Herbel, Kerstin Hoffmann, Leon N. Schulte, Wei Chen, Alexandra Sittka-Stark, Uwe Völker, Martin Vingron, Annalisa Marsico, Wilhelm Bertrams, Bernd Schmeck

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