HPV
Research Article | Molecular Biology and PhysiologyHistone Modifications in Papillomavirus Virion MinichromosomesA relatively unique feature of papillomaviruses is that the viral genome is associated with host histones inside the virion. However, little is known about the nature of the epigenome within papillomavirions or its biological relevance to the infectious viral cycle.
Research Article | Molecular Biology and PhysiologyTopoisomerase 2β Induces DNA Breaks To Regulate Human Papillomavirus ReplicationHigh-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect epithelial cells and induce viral genome amplification upon differentiation. HPV proteins activate DNA damage repair pathways by inducing high numbers of DNA breaks in both viral and cellular DNAs.
Research Article | Molecular Biology and PhysiologyPathogenesis of Human Papillomaviruses Requires the ATR/p62 Autophagy-Related PathwayHigh-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect epithelial cells and induce viral genome amplification upon differentiation. HPV proteins activate the ATR DNA damage repair pathway, and this is required for HPV genome amplification. In the present study, we show that HPV-induced ATR activation also leads to suppression of expression of inflammatory response genes. This suppression results from HPV-induced phosphorylation of the...
- Research ArticleHuman Papillomaviruses Preferentially Recruit DNA Repair Factors to Viral Genomes for Rapid Repair and Amplification
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the etiologic agents of cervical cancer and are linked to the development of many other anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Replication of high-risk HPVs requires the activation of the ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR) DNA repair pathways. Our studies have shown that HPVs activate these pathways by inducing double-strand breaks primarily in cellular DNAs and...
- Research ArticlePersistence of an Oncogenic Papillomavirus Genome Requires cis Elements from the Viral Transcriptional Enhancer
Human papillomaviruses infect cutaneous and mucosal epithelial cells of the host, and this results in very-long-lived, persistent infection. The viral genomes are small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules that replicate extrachromosomally in concert with cellular DNA. This replication strategy requires that the virus has a robust mechanism to partition and retain the viral genomes in dividing cells. This has been difficult to study...