gammaherpesvirus
Research ArticleGammaherpesvirus Usurps Host IL-17 Signaling To Support the Establishment of Chronic InfectionGammaherpesviruses establish lifelong infections in a majority of humans and are associated with B cell lymphomas. IL-17A is a host cytokine that plays a well-established role in the clearance of bacterial and fungal infections; however, the role of IL-17A in viral infections is poorly understood.
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyAlteration of the Premature tRNA Landscape by Gammaherpesvirus InfectionViral infection can dramatically change the gene expression landscape of the host cell, yet little is known regarding changes in noncoding gene transcription by RNA polymerase III (RNAPIII). Among these are transfer RNAs (tRNAs), which are fundamental in protein translation, yet whose gene regulatory features remain largely undefined in mammalian cells.
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyHistone Loaders CAF1 and HIRA Restrict Epstein-Barr Virus B-Cell Lytic ReactivationEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) was discovered as the first human tumor virus in endemic Burkitt lymphoma, the most common childhood cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. In Burkitt lymphoma and in 200,000 EBV-associated cancers per year, epigenetic mechanisms maintain viral latency, during which lytic cycle factors are silenced. This property complicated EBV’s discovery and facilitates tumor immunoevasion. DNA methylation and chromatin-based...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyA Gammaherpesvirus MicroRNA Targets EWSR1 (Ewing Sarcoma Breakpoint Region 1) In Vivo To Promote Latent Infection of Germinal Center B CellsGammaherpesviruses, including the human pathogens Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), directly contribute to the genesis of multiple types of malignancies. In vivo, these viruses infect B cells and manipulate B cell biology to establish lifelong infection. To accomplish this, gammaherpesviruses employ an array of gene products, including miRNAs, short noncoding RNAs that bind to and...
Minireview | Host-Microbe BiologyGammaherpesvirus RNAs Come Full CircleAfter an adaptive immune response is mounted, gammaherpesviruses achieve persistence through the utilization of viral noncoding RNAs to craft a suitable host cell environment in an immunologically transparent manner. While gammaherpesvirus long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs have been recognized for some time and have been actively investigated, a recent spate of reports have now identified repertoires of the circular RNA (...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyCombinatorial Loss of the Enzymatic Activities of Viral Uracil-DNA Glycosylase and Viral dUTPase Impairs Murine Gammaherpesvirus Pathogenesis and Leads to Increased Recombination-Based Deletion in the Viral GenomeUnrepaired uracils in DNA can lead to mutations and compromise genomic stability. Herpesviruses have hijacked host processes of DNA repair and nucleotide metabolism by encoding a viral UNG that excises uracils and a viral dUTPase that initiates conversion of dUTP to dTTP. To better understand the impact of these processes on gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis, we examined the separate and collaborative roles of vUNG and vDUT upon MHV68...