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efflux pumps

  • Open Access
    Multidrug Resistance in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Neisseria gonorrhoeae</span>: Identification of Functionally Important Residues in the MtrD Efflux Protein
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    Multidrug Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Identification of Functionally Important Residues in the MtrD Efflux Protein

    With over 78 million new infections globally each year, gonorrhea remains a frustratingly common infection. Continuous development and spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of gonorrhea, have posed a serious threat to public health. One of the mechanisms in...

    Mohsen Chitsaz, Lauren Booth, Mitchell T. Blyth, Megan L. O’Mara, Melissa H. Brown
  • Open Access
    Could Dampening Expression of the <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Neisseria gonorrhoeae</span> <em>mtrCDE</em>-Encoded Efflux Pump Be a Strategy To Preserve Currently or Resurrect Formerly Used Antibiotics To Treat Gonorrhea?
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    Could Dampening Expression of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae mtrCDE-Encoded Efflux Pump Be a Strategy To Preserve Currently or Resurrect Formerly Used Antibiotics To Treat Gonorrhea?

    The emergence of gonococcal strains resistant to past or currently used antibiotics is a global public health concern, given the estimated 78 million infections that occur annually. The dearth of new antibiotics to treat gonorrhea demands that alternative curative strategies be considered to counteract antibiotic resistance expressed by gonococci. Herein, we show that decreased expression of a drug efflux pump that participates in...

    Shaochun Chen, Kristie L. Connolly, Corinne Rouquette-Loughlin, Alexander D’Andrea, Ann E. Jerse, William M. Shafer
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Mechanisms of Resistance to Folate Pathway Inhibitors in Burkholderia pseudomallei: Deviation from the Norm

    Burkholderia pseudomallei causes melioidosis, a tropical disease that is difficult to treat. The bacterium’s resistance to antibiotics limits therapeutic options. The paucity of orally available drugs further complicates therapy. The oral drug of choice is co-trimoxazole, a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. These antibiotics target two distinct enzymes, FolA (dihydrofolate reductase) and FolP (dihydropteroate...

    Nicole L. Podnecky, Katherine A. Rhodes, Takehiko Mima, Heather R. Drew, Sunisa Chirakul, Vanaporn Wuthiekanun, James M. Schupp, Derek S. Sarovich, Bart J. Currie, Paul Keim, Herbert P. Schweizer
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Metabolic Compensation of Fitness Costs Is a General Outcome for Antibiotic-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mutants Overexpressing Efflux Pumps
    Jorge Olivares Pacheco, Carolina Alvarez-Ortega, Manuel Alcalde Rico, José Luis Martínez
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Control of gdhR Expression in Neisseria gonorrhoeae via Autoregulation and a Master Repressor (MtrR) of a Drug Efflux Pump Operon

    The pathogenic Neisseria species are strict human pathogens that can cause a sexually transmitted infection (N. gonorrhoeae) or meningitis or fulminant septicemia (N. meningitidis). Although they share considerable genetic information, little attention has been directed to comparing transcriptional regulatory systems that modulate expression of their conserved genes. We hypothesized that transcriptional...

    Corinne E. Rouquette-Loughlin, Yaramah M. Zalucki, Vijaya L. Dhulipala, Jacqueline T. Balthazar, Raúl G. Doyle, Robert A. Nicholas, Afrin A. Begum, Erica L. Raterman, Ann E. Jerse, William M. Shafer
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