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colonization

  • Open Access
    Experimental Human Challenge Defines Distinct Pneumococcal Kinetic Profiles and Mucosal Responses between Colonized and Non-Colonized Adults
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Experimental Human Challenge Defines Distinct Pneumococcal Kinetic Profiles and Mucosal Responses between Colonized and Non-Colonized Adults

    Occurrence of lower respiratory tract infections requires prior colonization of the upper respiratory tract with a pathogen. Most bacterial infection and colonization studies have been performed in murine and in vitro models due to the current invasive sampling methodology of the upper respiratory tract, both of which poorly reflect the complexity of host-pathogen interactions in the human nose.

    Elissavet Nikolaou, Simon P. Jochems, Elena Mitsi, Sherin Pojar, Annie Blizard, Jesus Reiné, Carla Solórzano, Edessa Negera, Beatriz Carniel, Alessandra Soares-Schanoski, Victoria Connor, Hugh Adler, Seher R. Zaidi, Caz Hales, Helen Hill, Angie Hyder-Wright, Stephen B. Gordon, Jamie Rylance, Daniela M. Ferreira
  • Open Access
    Lower Density and Shorter Duration of Nasopharyngeal Carriage by Pneumococcal Serotype 1 (ST217) May Explain Its Increased Invasiveness over Other Serotypes
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Lower Density and Shorter Duration of Nasopharyngeal Carriage by Pneumococcal Serotype 1 (ST217) May Explain Its Increased Invasiveness over Other Serotypes

    The pneumococcus causes serious diseases such as pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Serotype 1 accounts for the majority of invasive pneumococcal disease cases in sub-Saharan Africa but is rarely found during nasopharyngeal carriage.

    Laura Bricio-Moreno, Chrispin Chaguza, Reham Yahya, Rebecca K. Shears, Jennifer E. Cornick, Karsten Hokamp, Marie Yang, Daniel R. Neill, Neil French, Jay C. D. Hinton, Dean B. Everett, Aras Kadioglu
  • Open Access
    Host and Symbiont Cell Cycle Coordination Is Mediated by Symbiotic State, Nutrition, and Partner Identity in a Model Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Host and Symbiont Cell Cycle Coordination Is Mediated by Symbiotic State, Nutrition, and Partner Identity in a Model Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis

    Biomass regulation is critical to the overall health of cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbioses. Despite the central role of the cell cycle in the growth and proliferation of cnidarian host cells and dinoflagellate symbionts, there are few studies that have examined the potential for host-symbiont coregulation. This study provides evidence for the acceleration of host cell proliferation when in local proximity to clusters of symbionts within...

    Trevor R. Tivey, John Everett Parkinson, Virginia M. Weis
  • Open Access
    Transcriptomic Analysis of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus pyogenes</span> Colonizing the Vaginal Mucosa Identifies <em>hupY</em>, an MtsR-Regulated Adhesin Involved in Heme Utilization
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Transcriptomic Analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes Colonizing the Vaginal Mucosa Identifies hupY, an MtsR-Regulated Adhesin Involved in Heme Utilization

    Colonization of the host requires the ability to adapt to an environment that is often low in essential nutrients such as iron. Here we present data showing that the transcriptome of the important human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes shows extensive remodeling during in vivo growth, resulting in, among many other differentially expressed genes and pathways,...

    Laura C. C. Cook, Nilanjana Chatterjee, Yan Li, Jorge Andrade, Michael J. Federle, Zehava Eichenbaum
  • Open Access
    Acquisition and Loss of CTX-M-Producing and Non-Producing <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> in the Fecal Microbiome of Travelers to South Asia
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Acquisition and Loss of CTX-M-Producing and Non-Producing Escherichia coli in the Fecal Microbiome of Travelers to South Asia

    Escherichia coli strains which produce CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamases are endemic as colonizers of humans and in the environment in South Asia. This study demonstrates that acquisition of CTX-M-producing E. coli (CTX-M-EC) in travelers from the United Kingdom to South Asia is polyclonal,...

    Edward R. Bevan, Alan McNally, Christopher M. Thomas, Laura J. V. Piddock, Peter M. Hawkey
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Mucosal Infections and Invasive Potential of Nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae Are Enhanced by Oligopeptide Binding Proteins AliC and AliD

    Despite the effective, widespread use of licensed pneumococcal vaccines over many decades, pneumococcal infections remain a worldwide burden resulting in high morbidity and mortality. NESp subpopulations are rapidly rising in the wake of capsule-targeted vaccine strategies, yet there is very little knowledge on NESp pathogenic potential and virulence mechanisms. Although NESp lacks a protective capsule, NESp lineages expressing AliC and...

    Jessica L. Bradshaw, Haley R. Pipkins, Lance E. Keller, James K. Pendarvis, Larry S. McDaniel
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