chronic infection
Research ArticleGammaherpesvirus Usurps Host IL-17 Signaling To Support the Establishment of Chronic InfectionGammaherpesviruses establish lifelong infections in a majority of humans and are associated with B cell lymphomas. IL-17A is a host cytokine that plays a well-established role in the clearance of bacterial and fungal infections; however, the role of IL-17A in viral infections is poorly understood.
Research ArticleBalancing Positive and Negative Selection: In Vivo Evolution of Candida lusitaniae MRR1Understanding microbial evolution within patients is critical for managing chronic infections and understanding host-pathogen interactions. Here, our analysis of multiple MRR1 alleles in isolates from a single Clavispora (Candida) lusitaniae infection revealed the selection for both high and low Mrr1 activity.
PerspectiveOne versus Many: Polymicrobial Communities and the Cystic Fibrosis AirwayCulture-independent studies have revealed that chronic lung infections in persons with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) are rarely limited to one microbial species. Interactions among bacterial members of these polymicrobial communities in the airways of pwCF have been reported to modulate clinically relevant phenotypes.
Research Article | Molecular Biology and PhysiologyRhlR-Regulated Acyl-Homoserine Lactone Quorum Sensing in a Cystic Fibrosis Isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosaPseudomonas aeruginosa is a prominent cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogen that uses quorum sensing (QS) to regulate virulence. In laboratory strains, the key QS regulator is LasR. Many isolates from patients with chronic CF infections appear to use an alternate QS circuitry in which another transcriptional regulator, RhlR, mediates QS. We show that a LasR-null CF clinical...
Editor's Pick Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary SciencePseudomonas aeruginosa Interstrain Dynamics and Selection of Hyperbiofilm Mutants during a Chronic InfectionBacteria adapt to infections by evolving variants that are more fit and persistent. These recalcitrant variants are typically observed in chronic infections. However, it is unclear when and why these variants evolve. To address these questions, we used a porcine chronic wound model to study the evolutionary dynamics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mixed-strain...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyToxoplasma gondii Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane-Associated Dense Granule Proteins Orchestrate Chronic Infection and GRA12 Underpins Resistance to Host Gamma InterferonToxoplasma gondii cysts reactivate during immune deficiency and cause fatal encephalitis. Parasite molecules that coordinate the development of acute and chronic infection are poorly characterized. Here, we show that many intravacuolar network membrane and parasitophorous vacuole membrane-associated dense granule (GRA) proteins orchestrate the development of chronic...
- Research ArticleCapsular Polysaccharide Interferes with Biofilm Formation by Pasteurella multocida Serogroup A
Pasteurella multocida is an important pathogen responsible for severe infections in food animals, domestic and wild birds, pet animals, and humans. P. multocida was first isolated by Louis Pasteur in 1880 and has been studied for over 130 years. However, aspects of its lifecycle have remained unknown. Although formation of a biofilm by P. multocida has been proposed, this report is the first to characterize...
- Letter to the EditorChronic Vaginal Candidiasis Is Achievable in Outbred CD-1 Mice