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cell shape

  • Open Access
    Bacterial Evolution in High-Osmolarity Environments
    Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary Science
    Bacterial Evolution in High-Osmolarity Environments

    For bacteria, maintaining higher internal solute concentrations than those present in the environment allows cells to take up water. As a result, survival is challenging in high-osmolarity environments. To investigate how bacteria adapt to high-osmolarity environments, we maintained Escherichia coli in a variety of high-osmolarity solutions for hundreds of generations...

    Spencer Cesar, Maya Anjur-Dietrich, Brian Yu, Ethan Li, Enrique Rojas, Norma Neff, Tim F. Cooper, Kerwyn Casey Huang
  • Open Access
    Lipid Anchoring of Archaeosortase Substrates and Midcell Growth in Haloarchaea
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Lipid Anchoring of Archaeosortase Substrates and Midcell Growth in Haloarchaea

    The subcellular organization of biochemical processes in space and time is still one of the most mysterious topics in archaeal cell biology. Despite the fact that haloarchaea largely rely on covalent lipid anchoring to coat the cell envelope, little is known about how cells coordinate de novo synthesis and about the insertion of this proteinaceous layer throughout the cell cycle. Here, we report the identification of two novel...

    Mohd Farid Abdul-Halim, Stefan Schulze, Anthony DiLucido, Friedhelm Pfeiffer, Alexandre Wilson Bisson Filho, Mechthild Pohlschroder
  • Open Access
    Chlamydial MreB Directs Cell Division and Peptidoglycan Synthesis in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> in the Absence of FtsZ Activity
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Chlamydial MreB Directs Cell Division and Peptidoglycan Synthesis in Escherichia coli in the Absence of FtsZ Activity

    The study of Chlamydia growth and cell division is complicated by its obligate intracellular nature and biphasic lifestyle. Chlamydia also lacks the universal division protein FtsZ. We employed the cell division system of Escherichia coli as a surrogate to identify chlamydial cell division proteins. We demonstrate that chlamydial MreB, together with...

    Dev K. Ranjit, George W. Liechti, Anthony T. Maurelli
  • Open Access
    Molecular Basis and Ecological Relevance of <em>Caulobacter</em> Cell Filamentation in Freshwater Habitats
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Molecular Basis and Ecological Relevance of Caulobacter Cell Filamentation in Freshwater Habitats

    Many bacteria drastically change their cell size and morphology in response to changing environmental conditions. Here, we demonstrate that the freshwater bacterium Caulobacter crescentus and related species transform into filamentous cells in response to conditions that commonly occur in their natural habitat as a result of algal blooms during the warm summer months...

    Kristina Heinrich, David J. Leslie, Michaela Morlock, Stefan Bertilsson, Kristina Jonas
  • Open Access
    A <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Vibrio cholerae</span> BolA-Like Protein Is Required for Proper Cell Shape and Cell Envelope Integrity
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    A Vibrio cholerae BolA-Like Protein Is Required for Proper Cell Shape and Cell Envelope Integrity

    BolA-like proteins are conserved across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These proteins have been linked to a variety of phenotypes, but the pathways and mechanisms through which they act have not been extensively characterized. Here, we unraveled the role of the BolA-like protein IbaG in the cholera pathogen Vibrio cholerae. The absence of IbaG was associated with...

    Aurore Fleurie, Abdelrahim Zoued, Laura Alvarez, Kelly M. Hines, Felipe Cava, Libin Xu, Brigid M. Davis, Matthew K. Waldor
  • Open Access
    Cardiolipin Alters <em>Rhodobacter sphaeroides</em> Cell Shape by Affecting Peptidoglycan Precursor Biosynthesis
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Cardiolipin Alters Rhodobacter sphaeroides Cell Shape by Affecting Peptidoglycan Precursor Biosynthesis

    The phospholipid composition of the cell membrane influences the spatial and temporal biochemistry of cells. We studied molecular mechanisms connecting membrane composition to cell morphology in the model bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. The peptidoglycan (PG) layer of the cell wall is a dominant component of cell mechanical properties; consequently, it has been an...

    Ti-Yu Lin, William S. Gross, George K. Auer, Douglas B. Weibel
  • Open Access
    MreB Forms Subdiffraction Nanofilaments during Active Growth in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Bacillus</span><span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-2"> subtilis</span>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    MreB Forms Subdiffraction Nanofilaments during Active Growth in Bacillus subtilis

    The construction of the bacterial cell envelope is a fundamental topic, as it confers its integrity to bacteria and is consequently the target of numerous antibiotics. MreB is an essential protein suspected to regulate the cell wall synthetic machineries. Despite two decades of study, its localization remains the subject of controversies, its description ranging from helical filaments spanning the entire cell to small discrete entities...

    Cyrille Billaudeau, Zhizhong Yao, Charlène Cornilleau, Rut Carballido-López, Arnaud Chastanet
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