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blood-brain barrier

  • Open Access
    Zika Virus Infection Promotes Local Inflammation, Cell Adhesion Molecule Upregulation, and Leukocyte Recruitment at the Blood-Brain Barrier
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Zika Virus Infection Promotes Local Inflammation, Cell Adhesion Molecule Upregulation, and Leukocyte Recruitment at the Blood-Brain Barrier

    Zika virus (ZIKV) can be associated with neurological impairment in children and adults. To reach the central nervous system, viruses have to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a multicellular system allowing a tight separation between the bloodstream and the brain. Here, we show that ZIKV infects cells of the BBB and triggers a subtle change in its permeability. Moreover, ZIKV infection leads to the production of inflammatory...

    Marion Clé, Caroline Desmetz, Jonathan Barthelemy, Marie-France Martin, Orianne Constant, Ghizlane Maarifi, Vincent Foulongne, Karine Bolloré, Yaël Glasson, Frédéric De Bock, Marine Blaquiere, Lucie Dehouck, Nelly Pirot, Edouard Tuaillon, Sébastien Nisole, Fatiha Najioullah, Philippe Van de Perre, André Cabié, Nicola Marchi, Fabien Gosselet, Yannick Simonin, Sara Salinas
  • Open Access
    An Antivirulence Approach for Preventing <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Cryptococcus neoformans</span> from Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier via Novel Natural Product Inhibitors of a Fungal Metalloprotease
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    An Antivirulence Approach for Preventing Cryptococcus neoformans from Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier via Novel Natural Product Inhibitors of a Fungal Metalloprotease

    Fungal infections like cryptococcal meningitis are difficult to resolve because of the limited therapies available. The small arsenal of antifungal drugs reflect the difficulty in finding available targets in fungi because like mammalian cells, fungi are eukaryotes. The limited efficacy, toxicity, and rising resistance of antifungals contribute to the high morbidity and mortality of fungal infections and further underscore the dire but...

    Phylicia A. Aaron, Kiem Vu, Angie Gelli
  • Open Access
    Encephalitic Alphaviruses Exploit Caveola-Mediated Transcytosis at the Blood-Brain Barrier for Central Nervous System Entry
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Encephalitic Alphaviruses Exploit Caveola-Mediated Transcytosis at the Blood-Brain Barrier for Central Nervous System Entry

    VEEV, WEEV, and eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) are emerging infectious diseases in the Americas, and they have caused several major outbreaks in the human and horse population during the past few decades. Shortly after infection, these viruses can infect the CNS, resulting in severe long-term neurological deficits or death. Neuroinvasion has been associated with virus entry into the CNS directly from the bloodstream; however,...

    Hamid Salimi, Matthew D. Cain, Xiaoping Jiang, Robyn A. Roth, Wandy L. Beatty, Chengqun Sun, William B. Klimstra, Jianghui Hou, Robyn S. Klein
  • Open Access
    Gamma Interferon Alters Junctional Integrity via Rho Kinase, Resulting in Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage in Experimental Viral Encephalitis
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Gamma Interferon Alters Junctional Integrity via Rho Kinase, Resulting in Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage in Experimental Viral Encephalitis

    In an experimental viral encephalitis mouse model in which mice are infected with reovirus, we show that IFN-γ induces blood-brain barrier leakage. We show that IFN-γ promotes Rho kinase activity, resulting in actin cytoskeletal contractions in the brain endothelium that lead to vascular junctional disorganization and cell-cell separations. These studies now provide insight into a previously unknown mechanism for how blood-brain barrier...

    Stephanie Bonney, Scott Seitz, Caitlin A. Ryan, Kenneth L. Jones, Penny Clarke, Kenneth L. Tyler, Julie A. Siegenthaler
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Trojan Horse Transit Contributes to Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing of a Eukaryotic Pathogen
    Felipe H. Santiago-Tirado, Michael D. Onken, John A. Cooper, Robyn S. Klein, Tamara L. Doering
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