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bacteriophages

  • Open Access
    Bacteriophage Adherence to Mucus Mediates Preventive Protection against Pathogenic Bacteria
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Bacteriophage Adherence to Mucus Mediates Preventive Protection against Pathogenic Bacteria

    The mucosal surfaces of animals are habitat for microbes, including viruses. Bacteriophages—viruses that infect bacteria—were shown to be able to bind to mucus. This may result in a symbiotic relationship in which phages find bacterial hosts to infect, protecting the mucus-producing animal from bacterial infections in the process. Here, we studied phage binding on mucus and the effect of mucin on phage-bacterium interactions. The...

    Gabriel M. F. Almeida, Elina Laanto, Roghaieh Ashrafi, Lotta-Riina Sundberg
  • Open Access
    Resistance Evolution against Phage Combinations Depends on the Timing and Order of Exposure
    Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary Science
    Resistance Evolution against Phage Combinations Depends on the Timing and Order of Exposure

    Globally rising rates of antibiotic resistance have renewed interest in phage therapy where combinations of phages have been successfully used to treat multidrug-resistant infections. To optimize phage therapy, we first need to understand how bacteria evolve resistance against combinations of multiple phages. Here, we use simple laboratory experiments and genome sequencing to show that the timing and order of phage exposure determine...

    Rosanna C. T. Wright, Ville-Petri Friman, Margaret C. M. Smith, Michael A. Brockhurst
  • Open Access
    <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> Interstrain Dynamics and Selection of Hyperbiofilm Mutants during a Chronic Infection
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary Science
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa Interstrain Dynamics and Selection of Hyperbiofilm Mutants during a Chronic Infection

    Bacteria adapt to infections by evolving variants that are more fit and persistent. These recalcitrant variants are typically observed in chronic infections. However, it is unclear when and why these variants evolve. To address these questions, we used a porcine chronic wound model to study the evolutionary dynamics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mixed-strain...

    Erin S. Gloag, Christopher W. Marshall, Daniel Snyder, Gina R. Lewin, Jacob S. Harris, Alfonso Santos-Lopez, Sarah B. Chaney, Marvin Whiteley, Vaughn S. Cooper, Daniel J. Wozniak
  • Open Access
    Evolution of Superinfection Immunity in Cluster A Mycobacteriophages
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Evolution of Superinfection Immunity in Cluster A Mycobacteriophages

    Many aspects regarding superinfection, immunity, virulence, and the evolution of immune specificities are poorly understood due to the lack of large collections of isolated and sequenced phages with a spectrum of genetic diversity. Using a genetically diverse collection of Cluster A phages, we show that the classical and relatively straightforward patterns of homoimmunity, heteroimmunity, and virulence result from interactions between...

    Travis N. Mavrich, Graham F. Hatfull
  • Open Access
    Editor's Pick Research Article
    Evolution of the U.S. Biological Select Agent Rathayibacter toxicus

    Rathayibacter toxicus is a toxin-producing species found in Australia and is often fatal to grazing animals. The threat of introduction of the species into the United States led to its inclusion in the Federal Select Agent Program, which makes R. toxicus a highly regulated species. This work...

    Edward W. Davis, Javier F. Tabima, Alexandra J. Weisberg, Lucas Dantas Lopes, Michele S. Wiseman, Michael S. Wiseman, Tal Pupko, Michael S. Belcher, Aaron J. Sechler, Matt A. Tancos, Brenda K. Schroeder, Timothy D. Murray, Douglas G. Luster, William L. Schneider, Elizabeth E. Rogers, Fernando D. Andreote, Niklaus J. Grünwald, Melodie L. Putnam, Jeff H. Chang
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Gene Co-occurrence Networks Reflect Bacteriophage Ecology and Evolution
    Jason W. Shapiro, Catherine Putonti
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    CRISPR-Cas-Mediated Phage Resistance Enhances Horizontal Gene Transfer by Transduction
    Bridget N. J. Watson, Raymond H. J. Staals, Peter C. Fineran
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Bacteriophage Distributions and Temporal Variability in the Ocean’s Interior

    The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre represents one of the largest biomes on the planet, where microbial communities are central mediators of ecosystem dynamics and global biogeochemical cycles. Critical members of these communities are the viruses of marine bacteria, which can alter microbial metabolism and significantly influence their survival and productivity. To better understand these viral assemblages, we conducted genomic analyses...

    Elaine Luo, Frank O. Aylward, Daniel R. Mende, Edward F. DeLong
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Bacteriophage Transcytosis Provides a Mechanism To Cross Epithelial Cell Layers

    Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria. They cannot infect eukaryotic cells but can penetrate epithelial cell layers and spread throughout sterile regions of our bodies, including the blood, lymph, organs, and even the brain. Yet how phages cross these eukaryotic cell layers and gain access to the body remains unknown. In this work, epithelial cells were observed to take up and transport phages across the cell,...

    Sophie Nguyen, Kristi Baker, Benjamin S. Padman, Ruzeen Patwa, Rhys A. Dunstan, Thomas A. Weston, Kyle Schlosser, Barbara Bailey, Trevor Lithgow, Michael Lazarou, Antoni Luque, Forest Rohwer, Richard S. Blumberg, Jeremy J. Barr
  • Open Access
    Research Article
    Associations among Antibiotic and Phage Resistance Phenotypes in Natural and Clinical Escherichia coli Isolates
    Richard C. Allen, Katia R. Pfrunder-Cardozo, Dominik Meinel, Adrian Egli, Alex R. Hall

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