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Perspective

Dysbiosis and Its Discontents

Katarzyna B. Hooks, Maureen A. O’Malley
Julian E. Davies, Editor
Katarzyna B. Hooks
a Centre de Bioinformatique de Bordeaux, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
b Immunoconcept, CNRS UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Maureen A. O’Malley
a Centre de Bioinformatique de Bordeaux, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Julian E. Davies
University of British Columbia
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DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01492-17
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  • FIG 1 
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    FIG 1 

    The contributions of Metchnikoff, Furney, and Scheunert to dysbiosis thinking. Metchnikoff photo from Les Prix Nobels 1908; Furney book cover from https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nnc1.1000947504;view=1up;seq=5 ; and Scheunert photo from http://www.ullmann-bernau.de/Ahnengemeinschaften (used with permission of the creator of the digital rendition, Steffen Ullmann [original photographer unknown]).

  • FIG 2 
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    FIG 2 

    Helmut Haenel’s representations of dysbiosis and eubiosis. Image of Haenel used with permission of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Figures of eubiosis and dysbiosis reconstructed from the work of Haenel (Fig. 4 and 5 in reference 16).

  • FIG 3 
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    FIG 3 

    Definitions of dysbiosis. (A) Types of definitions with sample quotes, sometimes slightly paraphrased. References: 65, Maynard et al. (2012); 66, Arrieta et al. (2016); 67, Nibali et al. (2014); 68, Williams and Gallo (2015); 69, Lewis et al. (2015); 70, Youmans et al. (2015); 71, Lawley et al. (2012); 72, Jones et al. (2014); 73, Bested et al. (2013); 74, Sommer and Bäckhed (2013). (B) Popularity of different definitions.

Supplemental Material

  • Figures
  • TEXT S1 

    1. Outline of methodology. 2. Dysbiosis indices. Download TEXT S1, DOCX file, 0.1 MB.

    Copyright © 2017 Hooks and O’Malley.

    This content is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license .

  • TABLE S1 

    List of short definitions. Download TABLE S1, PDF file, 0.1 MB.

    Copyright © 2017 Hooks and O’Malley.

    This content is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license .

  • TABLE S2 

    List of long definitions. Download TABLE S2, PDF file, 0.1 MB.

    Copyright © 2017 Hooks and O’Malley.

    This content is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license .

  • TABLE S3 

    List of long additional definitions. Download TABLE S3, PDF file, 0.1 MB.

    Copyright © 2017 Hooks and O’Malley.

    This content is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license .

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Dysbiosis and Its Discontents
Katarzyna B. Hooks, Maureen A. O’Malley
mBio Oct 2017, 8 (5) e01492-17; DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01492-17

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Dysbiosis and Its Discontents
Katarzyna B. Hooks, Maureen A. O’Malley
mBio Oct 2017, 8 (5) e01492-17; DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01492-17
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  • Top
  • Article
    • ABSTRACT
    • PERSPECTIVE
    • EARLY HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
    • THE HISTORICAL BRIDGE: HELMUT HAENEL
    • CONTEMPORARY DEFINITIONS OF DYSBIOSIS
    • IMPLICATIONS OF THESE CATEGORIES
    • CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    • REFERENCES
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KEYWORDS

dysbiosis
microbiota
dysbiosis
homeostasis
microbial diversity
microbiome
microbiota

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