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Observation

The Presence of Female Conveners Correlates with a Higher Proportion of Female Speakers at Scientific Symposia

Arturo Casadevall, Jo Handelsman
Jeff F. Miller, Editor
Arturo Casadevall
Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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Jo Handelsman
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Jeff F. Miller
UCLA School of Medicine
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DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00846-13
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  • FIG 1 
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    FIG 1 

    Proportion of women speakers as a function of convener gender composition for the years 2011, 2012, and 2013 at the GM and ICAAC meeting. All comparisons were significant at P < 0.05 by Student’s t test.

  • FIG 2 
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    FIG 2 

    Proportion of sessions containing only a male speaker as a function of the composition of the convening team for 2011, 2012, and 2013 at the GM and ICAAC meeting.

Tables

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  • TABLE 1

    Gender numbers and percentages of GM and ICAAC attendees from 2011 through 2013

    YrNo. of attendees by meetingGender % from total membership dataa
    GMICAACTotalFullPostdocStudent
    TotalbFullPostdocStudentTotalbFullPostdocStudentMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemale
    20115,3453,3914201,5346,8406,2043123246338633749514060
    20126,1023,9485131,6416,0495,3993253256246633745553862
    20134,8713,0963771,3984,4703,9792632286147633744563763
    • ↵a The gender percentage of ASM members was estimated from the subset of membership data for which the gender information was known. These percentages apply to membership of the society and are not the gender percentages of meeting attendees, since that information was not available. However, the gender percentages do give an indication of likely gender percentages for the full, postdoc, and student attendees.

    • ↵b The total numbers each at the GM and ICAAC meeting include only the full, postdoc, and student members who attended and do not include emeritus members, one-day attendees, exhibitors, and those who attended only workshops. Not all attendees are necessarily ASM members.

  • TABLE 2

    Effect of including female conveners on the gender composition of scientific sessions

    Meeting and yrNo. of sessions (F/M ratio)aP valueb
    TotalNo female conveners1 or more female conveners
    GM
        20116528 (28/88)37 (57/90)0.0121
        20127635 (32/109)41 (77/99)0.0001
        20137541 (44/117)34 (69/82)0.0009
        Total216104 (105/314)112 (203/271)<0.0001
    ICAAC
        20118455 (50/168)29 (42/68)0.0045
        20128547 (47/134)38 (56/95)0.0324
        20137547 (28/142)32 (47/75)<0.0001
        Total244149 (125/444)99 (145/238)<0.0001
    • ↵a F/M denotes the total number of female (F) and male (M) invited speakers.

    • ↵b P value of the comparison of F/M ratios calculated by chi-square test (two tailed) with the Yates correction.

  • TABLE 3

    Effect of including female conveners on the frequency of all-male sessions

    Meeting and yrNo. of sessionsP valuea
    No female conveners1 or more female conveners
    All maleTotalAll maleTotal
    GM
        201110283370.0105
        201211354410.0226
        20139413340.205
        Total30104101120.0002
    ICAAC
        201115556290.602
        201216479380.345
        201323474320.0008
        Total5414919990.0042
    • ↵a Calculated by chi-square test with the Yates correction or by Fisher’s exact test.

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The Presence of Female Conveners Correlates with a Higher Proportion of Female Speakers at Scientific Symposia
Arturo Casadevall, Jo Handelsman
mBio Jan 2014, 5 (1) e00846-13; DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00846-13

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The Presence of Female Conveners Correlates with a Higher Proportion of Female Speakers at Scientific Symposia
Arturo Casadevall, Jo Handelsman
mBio Jan 2014, 5 (1) e00846-13; DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00846-13
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