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Molecular Biology and Physiology

  • Open Access
    Expression and Immunostaining Analyses Suggest that <em>Pneumocystis</em> Primary Homothallism Involves Trophic Cells Displaying Both Plus and Minus Pheromone Receptors
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Expression and Immunostaining Analyses Suggest that Pneumocystis Primary Homothallism Involves Trophic Cells Displaying Both Plus and Minus Pheromone Receptors

    The fungi belonging to the genus Pneumocystis may cause severe pneumonia in immunocompromised humans, a disease that can be fatal if not treated. This disease is nowadays one of the most frequent invasive fungal infections worldwide. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the sexuality of these fungi involves a single partner that can self-fertilize. Here, we report that two receptors recognizing specifically excreted pheromones...

    A. Luraschi, S. Richard, J. M. G. C. F. Almeida, M. Pagni, M. T. Cushion, P. M. Hauser
  • Open Access
    Bactericidal Disruption of Magnesium Metallostasis in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> Is Counteracted by Mutations in the Metal Ion Transporter CorA
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Bactericidal Disruption of Magnesium Metallostasis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Counteracted by Mutations in the Metal Ion Transporter CorA

    Antimycobacterial agents might shorten the course of treatment by reducing the number of phenotypically tolerant bacteria if they could kill M. tuberculosis in diverse metabolic states. Here we report two chemically disparate classes of agents that kill M. tuberculosis both when it is replicating...

    Landys Lopez Quezada, Sandra Silve, Mark Kelinske, Amir Liba, Constantino Diaz Gonzalez, Martin Kotev, Laurent Goullieux, Stephanie Sans, Christine Roubert, Sophie Lagrange, Eric Bacqué, Cedric Couturier, Alain Pellet, Isabelle Blanc, Marlène Ferron, Fabrice Debu, Kelin Li, Jeffrey Aubé, Julia Roberts, David Little, Yan Ling, Jun Zhang, Ben Gold, Carl Nathan
  • Open Access
    A <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Vibrio cholerae</span> BolA-Like Protein Is Required for Proper Cell Shape and Cell Envelope Integrity
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    A Vibrio cholerae BolA-Like Protein Is Required for Proper Cell Shape and Cell Envelope Integrity

    BolA-like proteins are conserved across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These proteins have been linked to a variety of phenotypes, but the pathways and mechanisms through which they act have not been extensively characterized. Here, we unraveled the role of the BolA-like protein IbaG in the cholera pathogen Vibrio cholerae. The absence of IbaG was associated with...

    Aurore Fleurie, Abdelrahim Zoued, Laura Alvarez, Kelly M. Hines, Felipe Cava, Libin Xu, Brigid M. Davis, Matthew K. Waldor
  • Open Access
    Ubiquinone Biosynthesis over the Entire O<sub>2</sub> Range: Characterization of a Conserved O<sub>2</sub>-Independent Pathway
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Ubiquinone Biosynthesis over the Entire O2 Range: Characterization of a Conserved O2-Independent Pathway

    In order to colonize environments with large O2 gradients or fluctuating O2 levels, bacteria have developed metabolic responses that remain incompletely understood. Such adaptations have been recently linked to antibiotic resistance, virulence, and the capacity to develop in complex ecosystems like the microbiota. Here, we identify a novel pathway for the biosynthesis of ubiquinone, a molecule with a key role in...

    Ludovic Pelosi, Chau-Duy-Tam Vo, Sophie Saphia Abby, Laurent Loiseau, Bérengère Rascalou, Mahmoud Hajj Chehade, Bruno Faivre, Mathieu Goussé, Clothilde Chenal, Nadia Touati, Laurent Binet, David Cornu, Cameron David Fyfe, Marc Fontecave, Frédéric Barras, Murielle Lombard, Fabien Pierrel
  • Open Access
    Persistent DNA Damage Foci and DNA Replication with a Broken Chromosome in the African Trypanosome
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Persistent DNA Damage Foci and DNA Replication with a Broken Chromosome in the African Trypanosome

    Chromosome damage must be repaired to prevent the proliferation of defective cells. Alternatively, cells with damage must be eliminated. This is true of human and several other cell types but may not be the case for single-celled parasites, such as trypanosomes. African trypanosomes, which cause lethal diseases in both humans and livestock, can actually exploit chromosomal damage to activate new surface coat proteins and to evade host...

    Lucy Glover, Catarina A. Marques, Olga Suska, David Horn
  • Open Access
    Dynamic Metabolic Rewiring Enables Efficient Acetyl Coenzyme A Assimilation in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Paracoccus denitrificans</span>
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Dynamic Metabolic Rewiring Enables Efficient Acetyl Coenzyme A Assimilation in Paracoccus denitrificans

    Central carbon metabolism provides organisms with energy and cellular building blocks during growth and is considered the invariable “operating system” of the cell. Here, we describe a new phenomenon in bacterial central carbon metabolism. In contrast to many other bacteria that employ only one pathway for the conversion of the central metabolite acetyl-CoA, Paracoccus...

    Katharina Kremer, Muriel C. F. van Teeseling, Lennart Schada von Borzyskowski, Iria Bernhardsgrütter, Rob J. M. van Spanning, Andrew J. Gates, Mitja N. P. Remus-Emsermann, Martin Thanbichler, Tobias J. Erb
  • Open Access
    RadD Contributes to R-Loop Avoidance in Sub-MIC Tobramycin
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    RadD Contributes to R-Loop Avoidance in Sub-MIC Tobramycin

    Bacteria frequently encounter low concentrations of antibiotics. Active antibiotics are commonly detected in soil and water at concentrations much below lethal concentration. Although sub-MICs of antibiotics do not kill bacteria, they can have a major impact on bacterial populations by contributing to the development of antibiotic resistance through mutations in originally sensitive bacteria or acquisition of DNA from resistant bacteria...

    Veronica Negro, Evelyne Krin, Sebastian Aguilar Pierlé, Thibault Chaze, Quentin Giai Gianetto, Sean P. Kennedy, Mariette Matondo, Didier Mazel, Zeynep Baharoglu
  • Open Access
    <em>In Situ</em> Conformational Changes of the <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Serine Chemoreceptor in Different Signaling States
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    In Situ Conformational Changes of the Escherichia coli Serine Chemoreceptor in Different Signaling States

    In Escherichia coli, membrane-bound chemoreceptors, the histidine kinase CheA, and coupling protein CheW form highly ordered chemosensory arrays. In core signaling complexes, chemoreceptor trimers of dimers undergo conformational changes, induced by ligand binding and sensory adaptation, which regulate kinase activation. Here, we characterize by cryo-electron...

    Wen Yang, C. Keith Cassidy, Peter Ames, Christoph A. Diebolder, Klaus Schulten, Zaida Luthey-Schulten, John S. Parkinson, Ariane Briegel
  • Open Access
    Day/Night Separation of Oxygenic Energy Metabolism and Nuclear DNA Replication in the Unicellular Red Alga <em>Cyanidioschyzon merolae</em>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Day/Night Separation of Oxygenic Energy Metabolism and Nuclear DNA Replication in the Unicellular Red Alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae

    Eukaryotes acquired chloroplasts through an endosymbiotic event in which a cyanobacterium or a unicellular eukaryotic alga was integrated into a previously nonphotosynthetic eukaryotic cell. Photosynthesis by chloroplasts enabled algae to expand their habitats and led to further evolution of land plants. However, photosynthesis causes greater oxidative stress than mitochondrion-based respiration. In seed plants, cell division is...

    Shin-ya Miyagishima, Atsuko Era, Tomohisa Hasunuma, Mami Matsuda, Shunsuke Hirooka, Nobuko Sumiya, Akihiko Kondo, Takayuki Fujiwara
  • Open Access
    The Stringent Response Inhibits DNA Replication Initiation in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">E. coli</span> by Modulating Supercoiling of <em>oriC</em>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    The Stringent Response Inhibits DNA Replication Initiation in E. coli by Modulating Supercoiling of oriC

    To survive bouts of starvation, cells must inhibit DNA replication. In bacteria, starvation triggers production of a signaling molecule called ppGpp (guanosine tetraphosphate) that helps reprogram cellular physiology, including inhibiting new rounds of DNA replication. While ppGpp has been known to block replication initiation in Escherichia coli for decades, the...

    James A. Kraemer, Allen G. Sanderlin, Michael T. Laub

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