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Host-Microbe Biology

  • Open Access
    Genetic Similarity of Gonococcal Homologs to Meningococcal Outer Membrane Proteins of Serogroup B Vaccine
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Genetic Similarity of Gonococcal Homologs to Meningococcal Outer Membrane Proteins of Serogroup B Vaccine

    Gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease, causes substantial global morbidity and economic burden. New prevention and control measures for this disease are urgently needed, as strains resistant to almost all classes of antibiotics available for treatment have emerged. Previous reports demonstrate that cross-protection from gonococcal infections may be conferred by meningococcal serogroup B (MenB) outer membrane vesicle (OMV)-based...

    Henju Marjuki, Nadav Topaz, Sandeep J. Joseph, Kim M. Gernert, Ellen N. Kersh, Antimicrobial-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae Working Group, Xin Wang
  • Open Access
    Further Mechanisms and Locations in Which Antisporozoite Antibodies Neutralize Malaria Sporozoites
    Letter to the Editor | Host-Microbe Biology
    Further Mechanisms and Locations in Which Antisporozoite Antibodies Neutralize Malaria Sporozoites
    Jerome P. Vanderberg
  • Open Access
    Analytical Treatment Interruption after Short-Term Antiretroviral Therapy in a Postnatally Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Infant Rhesus Macaque Model
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Analytical Treatment Interruption after Short-Term Antiretroviral Therapy in a Postnatally Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Infant Rhesus Macaque Model

    Novel interventions that do not rely on daily adherence to ART are needed to achieve sustained viral remission for perinatally infected children, who currently rely on lifelong ART. Considering the risks and expense associated with ART interruption trials, the identification of biomarkers of viral rebound will prioritize promising therapeutic intervention strategies, including anti-HIV Env protein therapeutics. However, comprehensive...

    Ria Goswami, Ashley N. Nelson, Joshua J. Tu, Maria Dennis, Liqi Feng, Amit Kumar, Jesse Mangold, Riley J. Mangan, Cameron Mattingly, Alan D. Curtis, Veronica Obregon-Perko, Maud Mavigner, Justin Pollara, George M. Shaw, Katharine J. Bar, Ann Chahroudi, Kristina De Paris, Cliburn Chan, Koen K. A. Van Rompay, Sallie R. Permar
  • Open Access
    Identification of Virulence-Associated Properties by Comparative Genome Analysis of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus pneumoniae</span>, <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-2">S. pseudopneumoniae</span>, <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-3">S. mitis</span>, Three <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-4">S. oralis</span> Subspecies, and <em>S. infantis</em>
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Identification of Virulence-Associated Properties by Comparative Genome Analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pseudopneumoniae, S. mitis, Three S. oralis Subspecies, and S. infantis

    Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most important human pathogens but is closely related to Streptococcus mitis, with which humans live in harmony. The fact that the two species evolved from a common ancestor provides a unique basis for studies of both infection-associated properties and...

    Mogens Kilian, Hervé Tettelin
  • Open Access
    Complex Scenario of Homotypic and Heterotypic Zika Virus Immune Enhancement
    Letter to the Editor | Host-Microbe Biology
    Complex Scenario of Homotypic and Heterotypic Zika Virus Immune Enhancement
    Ernesto T. A. Marques, Jan Felix Drexler
  • Open Access
    Reply to Marques and Drexler, “Complex Scenario of Homotypic and Heterotypic Zika Virus Immune Enhancement”
    Author Reply | Host-Microbe Biology
    Reply to Marques and Drexler, “Complex Scenario of Homotypic and Heterotypic Zika Virus Immune Enhancement”
    Byoung-Shik Shim, Hyeryun Choe
  • Open Access
    ISG15 Deficiency Enhances HIV-1 Infection by Accumulating Misfolded p53
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    ISG15 Deficiency Enhances HIV-1 Infection by Accumulating Misfolded p53

    HIV-1 has evolved many strategies to circumvent the host’s antiviral innate immune responses and establishes disseminated infection; the molecular mechanisms of these strategies are not entirely clear. We showed previously that USP18 contributes to HIV-1 replication by abrogating p21 antiviral function. Here, we demonstrate a mechanism by which USP18 mediates p21 downregulation in myeloid cells. USP18, by its protease activity,...

    Edmund Osei Kuffour, Renate König, Dieter Häussinger, Wolfgang A. Schulz, Carsten Münk
  • Open Access
    Evolutionary Perspectives on the Moonlighting Functions of Bacterial Factors That Support Actin-Based Motility
    Perspective | Host-Microbe Biology
    Evolutionary Perspectives on the Moonlighting Functions of Bacterial Factors That Support Actin-Based Motility

    Various bacterial pathogens display an intracellular lifestyle and spread from cell to cell through actin-based motility (ABM). ABM requires actin polymerization at the bacterial pole and is mediated by the expression of bacterial factors that hijack the host cell actin nucleation machinery or exhibit intrinsic actin nucleation properties.

    Volkan K. Köseoğlu, Hervé Agaisse
  • Open Access
    CRISPR/Cas9 Mutagenesis in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Phlebotomus papatasi</span>: the Immune Deficiency Pathway Impacts Vector Competence for <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-2">Leishmania major</span>
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    CRISPR/Cas9 Mutagenesis in Phlebotomus papatasi: the Immune Deficiency Pathway Impacts Vector Competence for Leishmania major

    Sand flies are the natural vectors of Leishmania parasites. Studies of sand fly/Leishmania interactions have been limited by the lack of successful genomic manipulation of these insects. This paper shows the first example of successful targeted mutagenesis in sand flies via adaptation of the CRISPR/Cas9 editing technique. We generated transmissible null mutant alleles of relish, a gene known to be...

    Isabelle Louradour, Kashinath Ghosh, Ehud Inbar, David L. Sacks
  • Open Access
    Interaction of the Ankyrin H Core Effector of <em>Legionella</em> with the Host LARP7 Component of the 7SK snRNP Complex
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Interaction of the Ankyrin H Core Effector of Legionella with the Host LARP7 Component of the 7SK snRNP Complex

    For intracellular pathogens to thrive in host cells, an environment that supports survival and replication needs to be established. L. pneumophila accomplishes this through the activity of the ∼330 effector proteins that are injected into host cells during infection. Effector functions range from hijacking host trafficking pathways to altering host cell machinery,...

    Juanita Von Dwingelo, Ivy Yeuk Wah Chung, Christopher T. Price, Lei Li, Snake Jones, Miroslaw Cygler, Yousef Abu Kwaik

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