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Host-Microbe Biology

  • Open Access
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Formate Promotes Shigella Intercellular Spread and Virulence Gene Expression

    Shigella is an intracellular pathogen that invades the human host cell cytosol and exploits intracellular nutrients for growth, enabling the bacterium to create its own metabolic niche. For Shigella to effectively invade and replicate within the host cytoplasm, it must sense and adapt to changing environmental conditions; however, the mechanisms and signals sensed by...

    Benjamin J. Koestler, Carolyn R. Fisher, Shelley M. Payne
  • Open Access
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    The Cost of Metabolic Interactions in Symbioses between Insects and Bacteria with Reduced Genomes

    Current understanding of many animal-microbial symbioses involving unculturable bacterial symbionts with much-reduced genomes derives almost entirely from nonquantitative inferences from genome data. To overcome this limitation, we reconstructed multipartner metabolic models that quantify both the metabolic fluxes within and between three xylem-feeding insects and their bacterial symbionts. This revealed near-complete metabolic...

    Nana Y. D. Ankrah, Bessem Chouaia, Angela E. Douglas
  • Open Access
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Antagonistic Pleiotropy in the Bifunctional Surface Protein FadL (OmpP1) during Adaptation of Haemophilus influenzae to Chronic Lung Infection Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

    Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is an important pathogen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To elucidate the bacterial pathways undergoing in vivo evolutionary adaptation, we compared bacterial genomes collected over time from 13 COPD patients and identified recurrent genetic changes arising in independent bacterial lineages...

    Javier Moleres, Ariadna Fernández-Calvet, Rachel L. Ehrlich, Sara Martí, Lucía Pérez-Regidor, Begoña Euba, Irene Rodríguez-Arce, Sergey Balashov, Ester Cuevas, Josefina Liñares, Carmen Ardanuy, Sonsoles Martín-Santamaría, Garth D. Ehrlich, Joshua Chang Mell, Junkal Garmendia
  • Open Access
    Commentary | Host-Microbe Biology
    The Multifunctional Fungal Ergosterol

    The roles of ergosterol in the regulation of membrane fluidity and structure, as well its role as a target for the activity of antifungals, have been known for decades. Two recent studies, however, demonstrated that ergosterol is an immunologically active lipid that induces pyroptosis and that virtually all steps of its biosynthetic process are potential drug targets.

    Marcio L. Rodrigues
  • Open Access
    Minireview | Host-Microbe Biology
    The Microbiome and Tuberculosis: Early Evidence for Cross Talk

    Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient infectious disease of humans that has been extensively studied both clinically and experimentally. Although susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is clearly influenced by factors such as nutrition, immune status, and both mycobacterial and host genetics, the variable pathogenesis of TB in infected individuals remains...

    Sivaranjani Namasivayam, Alan Sher, Michael S. Glickman, Matthew F. Wipperman
  • Open Access
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Genetic Link between Diarrhea-Associated Entamoeba histolytica Infection and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

    Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death for children globally, causing 760,000 deaths each year in children less than 5 years old. Amebic dysentery contributes significantly to this burden, especially in developing countries. The identification of host factors that control or enable enteric pathogens has the potential to transform our understanding of disease predisposition, outcomes, and treatments. Our discovery of the...

    Genevieve L. Wojcik, Chelsea Marie, Mayuresh M. Abhyankar, Nobuya Yoshida, Koji Watanabe, Alexander J. Mentzer, Tommy Carstensen, Josyf Mychaleckyj, Beth D. Kirkpatrick, Stephen S. Rich, Patrick Concannon, Rashidul Haque, George C. Tsokos, William A. Petri, Priya Duggal
  • Open Access
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Treatment of Human Glioblastoma with a Live Attenuated Zika Virus Vaccine Candidate

    Glioblastoma (GBM), the deadliest type of brain tumor, is currently incurable because of its high recurrence rate after traditional treatments, including surgery to remove the main part of the tumor and radiation and chemotherapy to target residual tumor cells. These treatments fail mainly due to the presence of a cell subpopulation called glioma stem cells (GSCs), which are resistant to radiation and chemotherapy and capable of self-...

    Qi Chen, Jin Wu, Qing Ye, Feng Ma, Qian Zhu, Yan Wu, Chao Shan, Xuping Xie, Dapei Li, Xiaoyan Zhan, Chunfeng Li, Xiao-Feng Li, Xiaoling Qin, Tongyan Zhao, Haitao Wu, Pei-Yong Shi, Jianghong Man, Cheng-Feng Qin
  • Open Access
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Candida albicans Hyphal Expansion Causes Phagosomal Membrane Damage and Luminal Alkalinization

    C. albicans is the most common cause of nosocomial fungal infection, and over 3 million people acquire life-threatening invasive fungal infections every year. Even if antifungal drugs exist, almost half of these patients will die. Despite this, fungi remain underestimated as pathogens. Our study uses quantitative biophysical approaches to demonstrate that yeast-to-...

    Johannes Westman, Gary Moran, Selene Mogavero, Bernhard Hube, Sergio Grinstein

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