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Applied and Environmental Science

  • Open Access
    Methane-Linked Mechanisms of Electron Uptake from Cathodes by <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Methanosarcina barkeri</span>
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Methane-Linked Mechanisms of Electron Uptake from Cathodes by Methanosarcina barkeri

    Methanogenic archaea are of fundamental applied and environmental relevance. This is largely due to their activities in a wide range of anaerobic environments, generating gaseous reduced carbon that can be utilized as a fuel source. While the bioenergetics of a wide variety of methanogens have been well studied with respect to soluble substrates, a mechanistic understanding of their interaction with solid-phase redox-active compounds is...

    Annette R. Rowe, Shuai Xu, Emily Gardel, Arpita Bose, Peter Girguis, Jan P. Amend, Mohamed Y. El-Naggar
  • Open Access
    Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils

    With the likelihood that changes in global climate will adversely affect the soil C reservoir in the northern circumpolar permafrost zone, an understanding of the potential role of diazotrophic communities in enhancing biological N2 fixation, which constrains both plant production and microbial decomposition in tundra soils, is important in elucidating the responses of soil microbial communities to global climate change. A...

    Jiajie Feng, C. Ryan Penton, Zhili He, Joy D. Van Nostrand, Mengting M. Yuan, Liyou Wu, Cong Wang, Yujia Qin, Zhou J. Shi, Xue Guo, Edward A. G. Schuur, Yiqi Luo, Rosvel Bracho, Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis, James R. Cole, James M. Tiedje, Yunfeng Yang, Jizhong Zhou
  • Open Access
    Large Circular Plasmids from Groundwater Plasmidomes Span Multiple Incompatibility Groups and Are Enriched in Multimetal Resistance Genes
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Large Circular Plasmids from Groundwater Plasmidomes Span Multiple Incompatibility Groups and Are Enriched in Multimetal Resistance Genes

    Plasmidomes have been typically studied in environments abundant in bacteria, and this is the first study to explore plasmids from an environment characterized by low cell density. We specifically target groundwater, a significant source of water for human/agriculture use. We used samples from a well-studied site and identified hundreds of circular plasmids, including one of the largest sizes reported in plasmidome studies. The striking...

    Ankita Kothari, Yu-Wei Wu, John-Marc Chandonia, Marimikel Charrier, Lara Rajeev, Andrea M. Rocha, Dominique C. Joyner, Terry C. Hazen, Steven W. Singer, Aindrila Mukhopadhyay
  • Open Access
    Functional Metagenomics Reveals an Overlooked Diversity and Novel Features of Soil-Derived Bacterial Phosphatases and Phytases
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Functional Metagenomics Reveals an Overlooked Diversity and Novel Features of Soil-Derived Bacterial Phosphatases and Phytases

    Phosphorus (P) is a key element involved in numerous cellular processes and essential to meet global food demand. Phosphatases play a major role in cell metabolism and contribute to control the release of P from phosphorylated organic compounds, including phytate. Apart from the relationship with pathogenesis and the enormous economic relevance, phosphatases/phytases are also important for reduction of phosphorus pollution. Almost all...

    Genis Andrés Castillo Villamizar, Heiko Nacke, Marc Boehning, Kristin Herz, Rolf Daniel
  • Open Access
    Engineering Clostridial Aldehyde/Alcohol Dehydrogenase for Selective Butanol Production
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Engineering Clostridial Aldehyde/Alcohol Dehydrogenase for Selective Butanol Production

    Renewable biofuel represents one of the answers to solving the energy crisis and climate change problems. Butanol produced naturally by clostridia has superior liquid fuel characteristics and thus has the potential to replace gasoline. Due to the lack of efficient genetic manipulation tools, however, clostridial strain improvement has been slower than improvement of other microorganisms. Furthermore, fermentation coproducing various by-...

    Changhee Cho, Seungpyo Hong, Hyeon Gi Moon, Yu-Sin Jang, Dongsup Kim, Sang Yup Lee
  • Open Access
    Tactic Response of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Shewanella oneidensis</span> MR-1 toward Insoluble Electron Acceptors
    Observation | Applied and Environmental Science
    Tactic Response of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 toward Insoluble Electron Acceptors

    Previous hypotheses of tactic behavior of exoelectrogenic bacteria are based on techniques that do not accurately control the electrochemical potential, such as chemical-in-plug assays or microscopy tracking experiments in two-electrode cells. Here, we have revisited previous experiments and, for the first time, performed microscopy cell-tracking experiments in three-electrode electrochemical cells, with defined electrode potentials....

    Joseph Oram, Lars J. C. Jeuken
  • Open Access
    Evaluation of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance in <em>Escherichia coli</em> Exposed to Long-Term Low-Shear Modeled Microgravity and Background Antibiotic Exposure
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Evaluation of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Exposed to Long-Term Low-Shear Modeled Microgravity and Background Antibiotic Exposure

    Stress factors experienced during space include microgravity, sleep deprivation, radiation, isolation, and microbial contamination, all of which can promote immune suppression (1, 2). Under these conditions, the risk of infection from opportunistic pathogens increases significantly, particularly during long-term missions (...

    Madhan R. Tirumalai, Fathi Karouia, Quyen Tran, Victor G. Stepanov, Rebekah J. Bruce, C. Mark Ott, Duane L. Pierson, George E. Fox
  • Open Access
    Genome-Guided Identification of Organohalide-Respiring <em>Deltaproteobacteria</em> from the Marine Environment
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Genome-Guided Identification of Organohalide-Respiring Deltaproteobacteria from the Marine Environment

    The marine environment is a major reservoir for both anthropogenic and natural organohalides, and reductive dehalogenation is thought to be an important process in the overall cycling of these compounds. Here we demonstrate that the capacity of organohalide respiration appears to be widely distributed in members of marine Deltaproteobacteria. The identification of reductive dehalogenase genes in diverse Deltaproteobacteria...

    Jie Liu, Max M. Häggblom
  • Open Access
    Silver and Copper Acute Effects on Membrane Proteins and Impact on Photosynthetic and Respiratory Complexes in Bacteria
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Silver and Copper Acute Effects on Membrane Proteins and Impact on Photosynthetic and Respiratory Complexes in Bacteria

    The use of metal ions represents a serious threat to the environment and to all living organisms because of the acute toxicity of these ions. Nowadays, silver nanoparticles are one of the most widely used nanoparticles in various industrial and health applications. The antimicrobial effect of nanoparticles is in part related to the released Ag+ ions and their ability to interact with bacterial membranes. Here, we identify,...

    Reem Tambosi, Sylviane Liotenberg, Marie-Line Bourbon, Anne-Soisig Steunou, Marion Babot, Anne Durand, Nouari Kebaili, Soufian Ouchane
  • Open Access
    Metatranscriptomes Reveal That All Three Domains of Life Are Active but Are Dominated by Bacteria in the Fennoscandian Crystalline Granitic Continental Deep Biosphere
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Metatranscriptomes Reveal That All Three Domains of Life Are Active but Are Dominated by Bacteria in the Fennoscandian Crystalline Granitic Continental Deep Biosphere

    A newly designed sampling apparatus was used to fix RNA under in situ conditions in the deep continental biosphere and benchmarks a strategy for deep biosphere metatranscriptomic sequencing. This apparatus enabled the identification of active community members and the processes they carry out in this extremely oligotrophic environment. This work presents for the first time evidence of eukaryotic, archaeal, and bacterial...

    Margarita Lopez-Fernandez, Domenico Simone, Xiaofen Wu, Lucile Soler, Emelie Nilsson, Karin Holmfeldt, Henrik Lantz, Stefan Bertilsson, Mark Dopson

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