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Applied and Environmental Science

  • Open Access
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Anode Surface Bioaugmentation Enhances Deterministic Biofilm Assembly in Microbial Fuel Cells

    Mixed microbial communities play important roles in treating wastewater, in producing renewable energy, and in the bioremediation of pollutants in contaminated environments. While these processes are well known, especially the community structure and biodiversity, how to efficiently and robustly manage microbial community assembly remains unknown.

    Keren Yanuka-Golub, Vadim Dubinsky, Elisa Korenblum, Leah Reshef, Maya Ofek-Lalzar, Judith Rishpon, Uri Gophna
  • Open Access
    Microbial Functional Responses Explain Alpine Soil Carbon Fluxes under Future Climate Scenarios
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Microbial Functional Responses Explain Alpine Soil Carbon Fluxes under Future Climate Scenarios

    The warming pace in the Tibetan Plateau, which is predominantly occupied by grassland ecosystems, has been 0.2°C per decade in recent years, dwarfing the rate of global warming by a factor of 2. Many Earth system models project substantial carbon sequestration in Tibet, which has been observed.

    Qi Qi, Yue Haowei, Zhenhua Zhang, Joy D. Van Nostrand, Linwei Wu, Xue Guo, Jiajie Feng, Mengmeng Wang, Sihang Yang, Jianshu Zhao, Qun Gao, Qiuting Zhang, Mengxin Zhao, Changyi Xie, Zhiyuan Ma, Jin-Sheng He, Haiyan Chu, Yi Huang, Jizhong Zhou, Yunfeng Yang
  • Open Access
    Acetylene-Fueled Trichloroethene Reductive Dechlorination in a Groundwater Enrichment Culture
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Acetylene-Fueled Trichloroethene Reductive Dechlorination in a Groundwater Enrichment Culture

    Understanding the complex metabolisms of microbial communities in contaminated groundwaters is a challenge. PCE and TCE are among the most common groundwater contaminants in the United States that, when exposed to certain minerals, exhibit a unique abiotic degradation pathway in which C2H2 is a product.

    Sara Gushgari-Doyle, Ronald S. Oremland, Ray Keren, Shaun M. Baesman, Denise M. Akob, Jillian F. Banfield, Lisa Alvarez-Cohen
  • Open Access
    Metagenomic Quantification of Genes with Internal Standards
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Metagenomic Quantification of Genes with Internal Standards

    qPCR and metagenomics are central molecular techniques that have offered insights into biological processes for decades, from monitoring spatial and temporal gene dynamics to tracking ARGs or pathogens. Still needed is a tool that can quantify thousands of relevant genes in a sample as gene copies per sample mass or volume.

    Emily Crossette, Jordan Gumm, Kathryn Langenfeld, Lutgarde Raskin, Melissa Duhaime, Krista Wigginton
  • Open Access
    Metabolic Exchange and Energetic Coupling between Nutritionally Stressed Bacterial Species: Role of Quorum-Sensing Molecules
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Metabolic Exchange and Energetic Coupling between Nutritionally Stressed Bacterial Species: Role of Quorum-Sensing Molecules

    Bacteria have usually been studied in single culture in rich media or under specific starvation conditions. However, in nature they coexist with other microorganisms and build an advanced society.

    David Ranava, Cassandra Backes, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Olivier Ouari, Audrey Soric, Marianne Guiral, María Luz Cárdenas, Marie Thérèse Giudici-Orticoni
  • Open Access
    Availability of the Molecular Switch XylR Controls Phenotypic Heterogeneity and Lag Duration during <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Adaptation from Glucose to Xylose
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Availability of the Molecular Switch XylR Controls Phenotypic Heterogeneity and Lag Duration during Escherichia coli Adaptation from Glucose to Xylose

    For decades, it was thought that the lags observed when microorganisms switch from one substrate to another are inherent to the time required to adapt the molecular machinery to the new substrate. Here, the lag duration was found to be the time necessary for a subpopulation of adapted cells to emerge and become the main population.

    Manon Barthe, Josué Tchouanti, Pedro Henrique Gomes, Carine Bideaux, Delphine Lestrade, Carl Graham, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Sylvie Meleard, Jérôme Harmand, Nathalie Gorret, Muriel Cocaign-Bousquet, Brice Enjalbert
  • Open Access
    Iron Flocs and the Three Domains: Microbial Interactions in Freshwater Iron Mats
    Minireview | Applied and Environmental Science
    Iron Flocs and the Three Domains: Microbial Interactions in Freshwater Iron Mats

    Freshwater iron mats are dynamic geochemical environments with broad ecological diversity, primarily formed by the iron-oxidizing bacteria. The community features functional groups involved in biogeochemical cycles for iron, sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen.

    Chequita N. Brooks, Erin K. Field
  • Open Access
    Effects of Agricultural Fungicide Use on <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Aspergillus fumigatus</span> Abundance, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Population Structure
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Effects of Agricultural Fungicide Use on Aspergillus fumigatus Abundance, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Population Structure

    Antibiotic resistance is an increasing threat to human health. In the case of Aspergillus fumigatus, which is an environmental fungus that also causes life-threatening infections in humans, antimicrobial resistance is suggested to arise from fungicide use in agriculture, as the chemicals used for plant protection are almost identical to the antifungals used clinically...

    Amelia E. Barber, Jennifer Riedel, Tongta Sae-Ong, Kang Kang, Werner Brabetz, Gianni Panagiotou, Holger B. Deising, Oliver Kurzai
  • Open Access
    Different Routes of Protein Folding Contribute to Improved Protein Production in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</span>
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Different Routes of Protein Folding Contribute to Improved Protein Production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

    Protein folding plays an important role in protein maturation and secretion. In recombinant protein production, many studies have focused on the folding pathway to improve productivity. Here, we identified two different routes for improving protein production by yeast. We found that improving folding precision is a better strategy. Dysfunction of this process is also associated with several aberrant protein-associated human diseases....

    Qi Qi, Feiran Li, Rosemary Yu, Martin K. M. Engqvist, Verena Siewers, Johannes Fuchs, Jens Nielsen
  • Open Access
    Cryptic or Silent? The Known Unknowns, Unknown Knowns, and Unknown Unknowns of Secondary Metabolism
    Perspective | Applied and Environmental Science
    Cryptic or Silent? The Known Unknowns, Unknown Knowns, and Unknown Unknowns of Secondary Metabolism

    Microbial natural products, particularly those produced by filamentous Actinobacteria, underpin the majority of clinically used antibiotics. Unfortunately, only a few new antibiotic classes have been discovered since the 1970s, which has exacerbated fears of a postapocalyptic world in which antibiotics have lost their utility. Excitingly, the genome sequencing revolution painted an entirely new picture, one in which an average...

    Paul A. Hoskisson, Ryan F. Seipke

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