Understanding how SARS-CoV-2 spreads globally and within infected individuals is critical to the development of mitigation strategies. We found that most lineages in Philadelphia had resembled sequences from New York, suggesting infection primarily but not exclusively from this location.

An expansion of Enterobacterales in the fecal microbiota is a microbial signature of dysbiosis that is linked to many noncommunicable diseases, including ulcerative colitis. Here, we used Escherichia coli, a representative of the Enterobacterales, to show that its dysbiotic expansion during colitis can be remediated by modulating host epithelial...

Persistent expression of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 is an obligate driver for several human malignancies, including cervical cancer, wherein HPV16 and HPV18 are the most common types. PD-1 antibody immunotherapy helps a subset of cervical cancer patients, and its efficacy might be improved by combination with active vaccination against E6 and/or E7.

To inhibit bacterial transmission and infection, health care facilities use bactericidal metal coatings to prevent colonization of surfaces and implanted devices. In these environments, antibiotics are commonly used, but their effect on metal resistance is unclear.

Among the animal superfamily Musteloidea, which includes those commonly known as mustelids, naturally occurring and species-specific alphacoronavirus infections have been observed in both mink (Mustela vison/Neovison vison) and domestic ferrets (...

The mycomembrane layer of the mycobacterial cell envelope is a barrier to environmental, immune, and antibiotic insults. There is considerable evidence of mycomembrane plasticity during infection and in response to host-mimicking stresses.

Bacteria have usually been studied in single culture in rich media or under specific starvation conditions. However, in nature they coexist with other microorganisms and build an advanced society.